الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 134 |  |  |
| | | from | 134 | | |
Abstract
The conditions of impaired wound healing in the elderly female due to estrogen
deficiency are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and impose a
significant monetary burden upon the world’s health services. The present work
demonstrated that selective estrogen receptor modulator (Tamoxifen) produced
histological effects on skin wound healing. At the 5th day after wounding,
tamoxifen was seemed to accelerate proliferative phase by prompting reepithelialization,
decreasing wound gap and early scab disappearance in the
epidermis. In the dermis it early finished the inflammatory phase by decreasing the
number of the inflammatory cells specially the macrophages, this might be due to
tamoxifen inhibitory effect on wound expression of proinflammatory cytokines as
macrophages migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It also prompted the proliferative
phase in the dermis by stimulating fibroplasia, angiogenesis and wound
contraction. Moreover, it encouraged remodeling phase by decreasing the area of
the granulation tissue, enhancing formation of new skin appendages and
stimulating collagen synthesis. Those effects might be due to tamoxifen ability to
induce the activity of transformation growth factor β1, which is a chemotactic for
macrophages, mitogenic for fibroblasts and stimulant for collagen synthesis and
angiogenesis. Also, tamoxifen stimulated estrogen receptors (ERs) of the epidermis
to produce its estrogenic effects. Moreover, tamoxifen induced keratinocytes
expressing ERβ protein and decreased the number of the lymphocytes by its
antiproliferative effect on lymphocytes and its inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein
which is responsible for transmembrane transport of cytokines in lymphocytes.
Key words:
Tamoxifen-aging-skin wound healing