الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is one of the leading caeses of blindness ln the elderly population, The developrnr”,,l of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) is lbe m.ain SOUf«: of severe visual loss in this setting I,
Laser photocoagulation of the entire area of choroidal neevascular membrane (CNVM) including the COVell ls the only currently acceptable treatment of S’ubfoveal CNVM .seoondal:Y 10 age-related macular degeeeration (ARlvID) 2,
However direct treatment of the foveal area leads tea significant decline in visual acuity allee treatment and has a ’lezy low possibility of’ gaining the flnal visual acuity of 2011’00 and this still rcm.afns a key problem for most cphthalmologists and pal[enis ).
No larg(l benefits of other treatmenl:S SUCh£lS rad,ialion lherapy ., pharmac()lhcropeulics~ and: surgical removal of chorcidel neovascular m”’(llbrane~.
The exuafoveal les~ photocoagulation for feeder vessels (FVs) giving blood supply 10 sullfoveal CNYM has been theoretically expected to be all ideal method, However, the ldentificetien of feeder vessels in CNVM remained next 10 impossi!.>le :unlil the advent of’ indoeyanlae green angiography (lOGAi,
Fluorescein angiography (FA) has the longest his!(lIy in imag”ng GNV M” 0... eeeasion fhe new vessels may be clearly imaged by FA and Ibis condition is call.e4 weU-defllledCNVM. Unfortunately most cases of CNVM cennot bec!e”rly seen entirely because melanin pigment <\1J(1
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blood cffcclilldy ;lvso,b !iglll wave length in the exciial:o:l and emission SP~CIT1l for llucresccin. III adJiiioJl, lhe inherent lcabgy of fluorescein by the cho!Okl:lll~cw vessels ;1110 [he chorjoc~Jlili/lris and the rapid [jJling of retinal pigmoru epithelial detachments by flucrcsecin further obscure \’isll~liz;’.~icm of C 1M. If the C COilS til ’e,l,s block the visualization of the new ”OS5<:1S, the patient is 5<1;1110 have occult C VM’,
’:r1C <imjorily or p:uiClI[; Willi Oxudali,’c m3Clilopaihy seconder 10 IIll.MD present Willl occult choroidel neovscu.ar membrane ( :1\IVM) l!lat cannot be imaged lldc17I~,lIc1)’ by flmlle.~cein angiogrnphl.
Indocy,tninc greel1 :I[lgio~raph>’ (ICG!\) lm enll3ilccd our abiHly to lmage [he choroidal citCll!nli,oll nne[ irs abnormalities. l11C ICG molecule is bOUtI’! mara lighlly 10 intravascular prole in and shows less extra-vascufur !e,-,ki:gc Ill:.!! docs fluorescein, The lCGA has a peak absorption and fh’orescencc ill I!le ncar i:~rrsred region affording improved irnng:ng of the choroidal ircularion and eM liJrougll overlyi~~ blood, cxudatlcn ~IIlJ pigmentary oJ’llllge.,~.
leGA l:as recently boon inlrodllccd in the managemem ofCNYM ,lOG varloes SIW.r!c~ bye shaWl! Ibm this method allows enhanced
imagil1!:: of occult -V.\1 :!nd dcH:C!ing [’odtr vessets”:”,
Tile; ’cllIiliclll;oll of FVs was ba~cd on their injcclJon preceding III [ Qflbc r~~11111 vessels dtlrill£ the early pI ;[SCS of PA and !CGII and 0:1 lhelr rcbrjOllsLi;rs wilh OhOI’OiJ31 Cil’Ctl/mion and CNV . .( ,luring tbe course of lI:lgiog~•nph>,. The idcntificetion of P\I’S\,[subfove,,1 eN M make it possible 10 lise laser for phO!OC(\agllla,ion of fhese vessels only \ :tilolllllffectin,g ~he fovc, I areAl.
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