الفهرس 
المقدمة
الفصل الأول : المؤشرات الإنتاجية لمحصولي القمح والذرة الشامية الصيفية في مصريوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Cereal crops under study, wheat & corn occupy very important and vital position in the Egyptian Agricultural Economy both of its terms of cultivated area, its contribution to the agricultural income, using large part of the agricultural labor, as well as being major source of food. Wheat crop is the first strategic crop, according to Egyptian food security considerations, as it is a staple food in both rural and urban area. This addition, the majority of food industries depends on wheat. Maize occupies second place after wheat in terms of domestic consumption and area planted, as maize is used in many Egyptian food industries and in the manufacture of bread after mixed with wheat flour. Given the importance of wheat and maize under study in human and animals nutrition. The fear of reluctance of some farmers continue to grow due to the observed rise in the costs of production and its negative effects on the production of these crops and on farmers income. The problem of the study is the need to focus on the technical aspects of application of modern technologies in production so as to maximize economic efficiency of resources used in agricultural productivity. Therefore, the study aims to shed light on some of the productivity indicators for wheat and maize in Egypt in general, and in Assiut and El-Minya Governorates in particular. It also aims to identify the most important agricultural practices that affect the economic variables of wheat and maize in Assiut. In addition to the determination of the statistical production functions and costs in order to maximize productivity and economic efficiency of the crops. The study relied on obtaining the necessary statistical data from two main sources; The first is the bulletins of Agricultural Economics and records ESS central administration of the agricultural economy, Ministry of Agriculture, records Department of Statistics and Information Center and the decision-making Department of Agriculture, and records ESS Department of Agriculture in Assiut and Minya governorates, data from published and unpublished during the period (1995-2011). In addition, research, letters and journals that discussed some aspects of the study.
Second resource from:- The data obtained from the experiments carried out by the Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, the data obtained from the experiments carried out in the fields extension, the data obtained from the experiments carried out by the Mallawi Research Station, Minya governorate.
The study was based on several analytical methods where descriptive analysis method used and the method of statistical analysis, using regression analysis method and method of analysis of variance and the least significant difference. The study began with an introduction containing problem and objectives of the study and their data sources and style, followed by three main sections, the first section is review, benchmark for most previous studies on the subject of the study. Part II is to study the productivity capacity of wheat and maize through three chapters. The first none reviews productivity of wheat and maize in Egypt, the second casts light on productivity indicators of wheat and maize in the province of Assiut, while the third deals with indicators productivity of wheat and maize in Minya Governorate. Part III is allocated for the study estimates of the statistical functions, costs and results of analysis of variance and the technological gap through two chapters, the first one estimates the statistical production functions and costs, while the second chapter deals with the results of analysis of variance for the most important agricultural practices and the technology gap. Finally this study and with a summary of the main findings and recommendations that have been reached and a list of references used and a summary in English.
- The study has resulted in the following key findings: -
First : - With regard to energy productivity of wheat and maize : -
It is clear that the Sharkia Governorate is ranked first among the provinces producing wheat, according to its relative importance and the average area planted and the average total production while the Suez Governorate is ranked last among the producing provinces.
It is also clear that the province of Minya is ranked a first Governorate among the provinces producing maize crop, according to the relative importance and the average area planted and the average total production while the New Valley Governorate comes in ranked last among the producing provinces.
The model indicates the estimated overall time direction to increase the cultivated area and productivity per faddan and the total production of wheat and corn on the level of the Republic during the study period (1995-2011).
It is clear that the Assiut county came a first between the counties of the province of Assiut producing wheat crop, according to the relative importance of the average area planted and the average total production while Al-Khanaiem county was ranked last among the counties of the province.
Assiut county comes in the first place between the counties of the province of Assiut producing maize crop, according to the relative importance of the average area planted and the average total production while Al-Khanaiem county comes in ranked last among the counties of the province.
The model indicates the estimated overall time direction to increase the cultivated area and productivity per faddan and the total production of wheat and corn on the level of Assiut Governorate during the study period (1995-2011).
It is clear that the Samalout and the Minya counties ranked first among the counties producing province of Minya to the wheat crop, according to the relative importance of the average area cultivated for the production of the total respectively while Dermwas county comes in ranked last among the counties of the province.
Beni Mazar county comes in the first place between the counties of the province of Minya producing maize crop, according to the relative importance of the average area planted and the average total production while the Deir Mawas county comes in ranked last among the counties of the province.
The model indicates the estimated overall time direction to increase the cultivated area and productivity per faddan and the total production of wheat and corn on the level of Minya Governorate during the study period (1995-2011).
Second: With regard to statistical estimate of production functions, costs and results of analysis of variance and the amount of Technological gap:
1. Significant differences statistically confirmed in productivity per feddan when agricultural practices were applied on wheat and maize.
2. Lower yields per faddan compared to those yields that maximize net yield and reduces cost, which means that there is chance for increasing production from its current level of wheat and maize.
3. The best practices in crop experiments of the Department - Faculty of Agriculture is using 9 irrigations of wheat and 8 irrigations of maize, so as to increase economic efficiency.
4. The best practices in crop experiments of the Department - Faculty of Agriculture is the use of 250 kg nitrogen fertilizer per faddan for both wheat and corn, and to increase economic efficiency.
5. The losses in productivity between the recommendations of the researcher and wheat producers in the province of Assiut and experiences between (0.92 and 2.67 ardab/faddan) and economic losses of between (155 and 449 ardab) for each of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation, respectively.
6. The losses in productivity between the recommendations of the researcher and maize crop producers in the province of Assiut and experiences between (1.22 - 3 ardab/faddan) and economic losses of between (165 and 405 ardab) for each of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation, respectively.
7. The best practices in the extention fields is fertilization with compost, Laser leveling for crop and compost fertilization and mechanical planting for the maize crop, to increase economic efficiency and production.
8. The losses in productivity between practices in the extention fields and wheat producers in the province of Assiut (2.1 ardab/faddan) and economic losses is (353 ardab) to compost fertilization with Laser leveling.
9. The losses in productivity between practices in the extention fields and maize crop producers in the province of Assiut (3 ardab/faddan)and economic loss is (405 ardab) to compost fertilization with mechanical planting .
10. The best practices in Malawi Station Center in Minia Governorate of planting methods and the amount of seed is machine sowing and 60 kg/ faddan seeds for wheat crop, to increase economic efficiency and production.
11. The best practices in Malawi Research Station in Minia Governorate for sowing date , seed type and irrigation were June 15, Single hybrid seeds and 8 irrigations. For the maize crop, to increase economic efficiency and production.
12. That losses in productivity between the recommendations of the Research Station researcher in Malawi - Minya and producers of wheat were 1.76 - 1.94 ardab/faddan and economic losses of between (384 and 423 ardab) for each of the methods of cultivation and quantity of seeds, respectively.
13. That the losses in productivity between the recommendations of the Research Station in Malawi - Minya and producers of maize crop were 4 and 14.3, 4.84 ardab/faddan and economic losses of between (1116 and 1200 and 1339 ardab) for each irrigation, planting dates and hybrid seeds , respectively.
In light of the findings of the study, to improve the productivity of wheat and maize. The Study recommends the following:
1. Need to focus on agricultural practices recommended by the researcher in terms of the number of irrigation, fertilization rates, laser leveling, the use of agricultural machinery, the amount of seeds, farming methods and planting dates with hybrid seeds production to raise productivity faddan of wheat and maize.
2. Need to focus on improving the economic efficiency of crops under study, by raising yield per faddan for these crops as it turns to be lower than those methods that maximize net yield and its counterpart low total costs.
3. The necessity of adopting an extension in the governorates of Assiut, Minya and administrative countries and intensify its efforts in the transfer of research results to producers of agricultural crops under study in various villages with guiding and directing them to use rates and treatments of the study in order to achieve their objectives.
4. The need to take advantage of the single and triple hybrids produced by the Mallawi Research Station to increase productivity of faddan to farmers.
5. Wheat and maize under study has not yet reached size that maximize the profit or the optimal productivity per faddan which requires more effort in to research and extension.
6. Increase productivity per faddan when the use of non-conventional practices (compost – laser leveling - Methods of cultivation mechanism - improved seeds and others) compared to productivity of faddan under traditional methods crops.