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Abstract Retinopathy of prematurity is a disorder of vascularization that affects premature infants. The pathogenesis of the ROP is dividing into 2 phases. Risk factors includes, hyperoxia, low birth weight, hypercabnia, light, blood transfusion and race. ROP is classified 5 stages. Complications of ROP includes: myopia, retinal detachment, glucoma and cataract. Treatment of ROP includes; cryotherapy, laser therapy, anti VEGF, gene therapy. Surgical treatment of ROP includes the following sclera buckle and vitrectomy. Rehabilitation of ROP through low vision aids and social rehabilitation. Keywords: Retinopathy of Prematurity, Embryology and Anatomy, Pathogenesis of ROP, Risk factors, Classification of ROP, Diagnosis of ROP, Complications of ROP, Treatment, Rehabilitation |