الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) includes femoral head subluxation or dislocation and/or acetabular dysplasia.
Closed reduction of the hip should be performed using general anesthesia or deep sedation. Proper performance and interpretation of the closed reduction is difficult and requires experience.
The role of arthrography in different aspects of treatment of DDH is well established and generally accepted that a successful outcome of closed reduction in the treatment of DDH patients depends on safe initial concentric relocation of the dislocated femoral head .
The aim of this work is to assess the role of arthrogram in evaluation of closed reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip.
This study included twenty patients with 21 involved hips who presented with DDH. The youngest patient was 8 months of age and the oldest was 20 months with a mean age of 16.83 5.11 months. There were 2 males (10%) and 18 female (80%). There was one patient with bilateral hip involvement (5%) and 19 patients with unilateral involvement (95%), the right side was involved in 6 hips (30%) while the left side involved in 13 hips (65%)
All patients were subjected to full work up including history taking, clinical examination and radiological evaluation as well as laboratory investigations performed.
Arthrogram done under general anesthesia and the medial approach was used. the arthrogram was used in the assessment of acetabular dysplasia, femoral head sphericity, the position of femoral head, size of medial pooling of the dye, presence of intraarticular obstacles for achieving anatomic reduction, presence of ossific nucleus and its position.
Adductor tenotomy was done in 16 hips (76.2%), all cases presented with acetabular dysplsia with mean acetabular index of 42.53 degrees, The ossific nucleus was present in 18 femoral heads (85.7%), it was concentrically placed in eleven hips (53%) and eccentrically placed in seven hips (33.7%). And absent in three hips (14.3%), the femoral head was not spherical in 5 hips (24%). there was 17 hips (81%) dislocated and 4 hips (19%) was subluxed.
The arthrogram of 8 hips (38.1%) showed obstacles to closed reduction and these cases were not continued closed reduction and were prepared for open reduction.
There were no major complication occur regardless the extravasation occur in some cases but did not interfere with diagnostic quality of the examination, since contrast in no way overlies the hip joint.