الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major aetiological agent of acute or chronic Hepatitis. It causes liver cirrhosis and predisposes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Attallah et al., 2009). It is a health problem all over the world (Ozaras &Tahan, 2009).
Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV worldwide and has rising rate of HCC (Lehman and Wilson, 2009; Elkady et. al, 2009). There are different genotypes of HCV; the main genotype in Egypt is HCV-G4 with a prevalence rate of 13% (Kamal, 2009). The Egyptian ministry of health reported in its last survey that 14.7 % of the candidate chosen for the survey were positive in HCV antibodies, 9.8% of them were positive in HCV-RNA virus (El-Zanaty and Associates, 2008).
In the present work a study has been conducted to determine the effect of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection on human chromosomes and also the effect of Mitomycin C as a mutagenic agent.
20 patients who proved to have HCV infection were selected in this study then peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures had been made to study the cytogenetic parameters; chromosomal aberrations, mitotic indices & karyotyping. Also the same parameters were measured after stressing another culture from each case by a mutagenic agent, Mitomycin C, to study the effect of mutagenic agent in presence of HCV infection on human chromosomes.
The types of chromosomal aberrations recorded in the present study were gaps, breaks, deletions, fragments and minutes, radial forms and centromeric attenuations. Also the results obtained from the present investigation revealed that the percentage of mitotic indices for cells of cultures from HCV patients significantly decreases compared with that of the control group.
Recommendations: HCV patients should not work in any job or just present in any place in which there are exposures to the bearable concentration of mutagenic agent that prone and the normal person can bear it.