الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study aimed at comparing gastrointestinal bleeding and infection as risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis in Ain Shams University hospital.
This study was conducted on 100 consecutive patients with hepatic encephalopathy and all the patients were subjected to the following after taking their informed consent:
1- Full history taking stressing on history of fever, high protein diet intake, gastrointestinal bleeding, constipation and history of drug intake.
2- Full general examination with stressing on manifestations of liver disease.
3- Abdominal examination.
4- Laboratory investigations including: kidney function tests, ascitic fluid examination, liver function tests, CBC, α FP, PT, PTT, serum Na & K, HCVAb, HBsAg, HBcIgG.
5- Abdominal U/S.
6- Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for indicated patients.
7- Child Pugh and MELD score was calculated.
8- Condition on discharge.
9- Determination of the risk factors(s) of Hepatic Encephalopathy.
10- Statistical analysis of results.
The results of the current study showed that cases that had previously suffered from GI bleeding showed increased frequency of recent GI bleeding (recurrence) and that increase in frequency was proven to be statistically significant.
There was no significant difference between cases that had recent GIT bleeding and cases that had infection as regards clinical condition parameters (Consciousness, Child classification and MELD score) and outcome (death or improvement). The RBS, Hb, WBCs, PT, INR were significantly higher in cases that had infection; while, Na, bilirubin were significantly higher in cases that had recent GIT bleeding.
There was a significant positive correlation between consciousness level and creatinine; however, there was a significant negative correlation between consciousness level and T. protein and Albumin.
No significant difference between cases that had recent GIT bleeding and cases that had infection as regards clinical condition parameters (Consciousness, Child classification and MELD score) and outcome (death or improvement).