الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The most important points, results and conclusions of various parts in this thesis are given below :
The first part considers a literature survey including the definition of the solid state, its properties, the factors influencing on the reactivity of solids, the kinetics of the solid state reactions and the behaviour of material in a magnetic field.
The second part describes the theoretical and the different calculation methods used for analysing the thermal data and to calculate the kinetic parameters from a single-heating rate. It was concentrated here on using the differential and the integral calculation methods in each of TG and the derivative differential method for DTA. The kinetic equations used for calculating the kinetic parameters from the capillary techniques were also considered here.
The third part shows the methods for preparation the products in each of liquid and the solid phases. They were synthesized by mixing basic metal carbonates with the organic acid in molar ratios of (1:2) and (1:4) . The capillary technique, which is used for following the rate of the solid reaction by using traveling microscope, was also described here.
In the fourth part, the products were characterized by means of elemental analysis, volumetric analysis , thermal analysis (DTA) as well as (TG) , infrared spectra ( IR) , and magnetic susceptibility.
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Summary & Conclusion
The fifth part concentrated on the results and the discussion of the kinetics of the solid reactions. Two different techniques (thermal analysis and capillary technique ) as well as four different calculation methods were used for obtaining the kinetic results.
The evaluation of kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric curves is considered for a single heating rate by using various kinetic models. The use of the four kinetic analysis methods are more particle and can differentiate the reaction mechanism more easily than using a single analysis method. However the results showed that the probable mechanism given by the different methods do not change . The most probable kinetic mechanism function for all the reactions investigated was found to be the phase boundary diffusion mechanism R2 . The results showed also that the data obtained from the differential method are much better than those found from the integral method.
The correlation of kinetic parameters and the apparent kinetic models is discussed with respect to the reliability of kinetic information obtained from thermal analysis data.
The results support that the initial reaction occurs at the phase boundary of the reactants and that further reaction is propagated by the surface migration of the reaction molecules. Since the rate of solid reactions was found to be very slow, therefore the gaseous products , which are produced, diffused away from the reaction zone and do not influence boundary processes.
The order of reactivity was found to be:
Phthalic > P-nitrobenzoic > benzoic > P-hydroxybenzoic > 2-amino benzoic > salicylic (for aromatic acids ) while
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Summary & Conclusion
succinic > oxalic> tartaric > citric ( for aliphatic acids) and Cu> Co > Zn ( for basic carbonates).
The results have not shown any correlation between pK a of the organic acid and their reactivity. However the reactivity of metal carbonates was found to be increasing with decreasing the ionic radius of cations.
The results of capillary technique showed that the diffusing species through the product layer are the organic acids. The activation energies obtained from capillary technique, agree well with those found from thermal analysis (using R2-model and differential calculations.