الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study was done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Ain Shams University maternity Hospital. The purpose of this study is to compare between different methods of preservation of amniotic membrane as a graft and discover which method is more efficient, convenient with less contamination by the bacteria and/or the fungi.
The study was done on the amniotic membrane obtained from 25 women delivered by elective cesarean section without meconium –stained liquor and with no history of premature rupture of membranes (P.R.O.M.). The placenta is taken immediately following delivery of the fetus and then rinsed several times in saline to remove excessive blood clots. With two sets forceps, the placenta’s amniotic membrane was separated easily from the remaining chorion by blunt dissection and then washed with saline. Then the amniotic membrane of the same donor was cut into 7 equal pieces each one was 5x5 cm, two pieces were put in aerobic and anaerobic media and the last 5 pieces were put in the five preservative media:
Preservation of amnion in sodium hypochlorite 0.025%.
Preservation of amniotic membrane samples in glycerol 85%.
Preservation of amniotic membrane samples in gentamicin 32 mg/ml in 100%PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline).
Preservation of amniotic membrane samples in penicillin 50 mg/ml, streptomycin 50mg/ml and amphtericin B2.5 mg/ml.
Preservation of amniotic membrane samples in penicillin G 50,000 iu/100 ml saline.
The samples were cultured both aerobically and anaerobically one week after the collection date. The storage of the samples was at room temperature. The culture was repeated after two weeks and again after three weeks. Aerobic culture was done at 37ºC on to blood agar and Sabouraud’s agar plates. Anaerobic culture was done at 37ºC on to aerobic and anaerobic blood agar plates. All colonial types on each medium were investigated further by routine laboratory methods according to Colle et al. (1996). Candida albicans was identified by its ability to produce germ-tubes when incubated in serum for 2 hours at 37°C.
It was found that the preservation of amnion graft in the two methods: sodium hypochlorite 0.025% and Glycerol 85% were the safe methods of preservation free of contamination in all stages of examination: after collection, after 1 week, after 2 weeks and after 3 weeks. But the preservation in garamycin 0.32 mg/ml in 100%PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline) was free of contamination immediately after collection, 44% after 1 week, 24% after 2 weeks and 16% after 3 weeks. The preservation in penicillin G 50,000 iu/100 ml saline was free of contamination after collection, 28% after 1 week, 12% after 2 weeks and 8% after 3 weeks. The preservation in mixture of penicillin 50 mg/ml, Streptomycin 50mg/ml and amphtericin B2.5 mg/ml was free of contamination after collection, 72% after 1 week, 56% after 2 weeks and 52% after 3 weeks.