الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present work was carried on water hyacinth (E. crassipes) in order to evaluate an alternative solution to municipal wastewater treatment by this plant.
To maintain the aim of this study the following was carried out:
1. Identifying the wastewater characteristics.
2. Investigating the efficiency of water hyacinth in improving the characteristics of wastewater such as pH, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, EC and removal of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Pb).
3. Assessment the microbiological characteristics of wastewater before and after treatment by water hyacinth such as total count of bacteria, total coliform group, total fecal coliform group and total fecal streptococcus.
4. Explore the optimum retention time needed for wastewater treatment by water hyacinth.
5. Evaluating the effect of pollutants uptake on the protein banding of water hyacinth.
The studied plant was collected from Alrahbeen branch of River Nile beside a water purification station. There are three basins were used as following, First (C) as control containing wastewater only, second (A) containing wastewater & Eichhornia crassipes plants and third (Ana) containing wastewater after anaerobic treatment and Eichhornia crassipes plants. The experiment was set-up for twelve days retention time period. pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS) total dissolved solids (TDS), Electrical conductivity (EC) and biochemical genetic analysis were estimated every 2 days, total nitrogen (TN) & total phosphorus (TP) in water samples, total nitrogen (TN) & total phosphorus (TP) in plant samples, total count bacteria, total coliform group, total fecal streptococcus and total fecal coliform were estimated at beginning and the end of experiment but heavy metals were estimated every 4 days.
This investigation found that:
After treatment of wastewater by Eichhornia crassipes for 12 days retention time, there were average reduction in COD, BOD, TSS, TN and TP are 93.86%, 93.52%, 86%, 86.5% and 75% in set A respectively and 91.21%, 88.94%, 60%, 45% and 42% in set Ana respectively.
The percentage of removal of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb) were 58.14%, 67.74%, 87.23%, 48%, 38.57% and 72.41% in set A respectively and 58.14%, 53.66%, 85.4%, 34.44%, 37.93% and 70.37% in set Ana respectively.
Microbiological detections indicated that, total coliform group, total fecal coliform and total fecal streptococcus was reduced by percentage of 99.86%, 99.99 % and 99.15% in set A and 99.99%, 98.08 % and 90.25% in set Ana respectively.
This study shows that water hyacinth fully covered treatment showed the highest reduction of pH, COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, EC, TN, TP and heavy metals. Water hyacinth also has been found to stabilize pH levels during treatment. Finally, in batch culture, the elimination of the bacterial load in fecal contamination is remarkable with a turnover rate for total coliform group, total fecal streptococcus and total fecal coliform. Reduction in bacterial number in wastewater passing through water hyacinth systems may reduce subsequent chlorine dosage and contact time.
Therefore recommended that water hyacinth could be introduced to treatment and improve the wastewater quality and uses water after treatment in agriculture irrigation.