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Abstract The aim of present study was to assess nutritional assessment of school children with type 1diabetes mellitus and evaluation of nutritional status of the studied children. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease in childhood in Egypt among school children . An interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors (triggering or suppressive) may account for the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes . The diabetes control and complications trial (DCCT) showed the importance of strict metabolic control in delaying and preventing complication. .Intensive diabetes therapy should be encouraged among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus to delay onset of long term complications.( Ismail , Kasem , Abou-El-Asrar , El-Samahy , 2008) A cross-sectional study was for all children attended and registered in the Main Insurance Clinic of Children in Shebin ElKom city represented the urban and rural area in Menofia Governorate . School children covered by health insurance . All children had type 1 DM attended this clinic for obtaining insulin as treatment from the insurance and follow up . All children aged 6-12 years old who registered and attended to clinic during period of study and agree to be involved in study. The nutritional status of children was assessed by medical history , anthropometric measurement , laboratory investigation and dietary assessment by self design questionnaire of dietary intake are assessed by previous 24 hours or of a “typical” 24-hour period or food frequency questionnaires. Great number of studied children with moderate socioeconomic level (72.8%) of total group ,81.4% from rural and 18.5% from urban area . The socioeconomic standard is same among children in rural area and urban area the socioeconomic standard not affect nutritional status of children . from this study ,assessment of nutritional status of children was done including anthropometric measurement and laboratory investigation according to the patient sheet during follow-up for rural and urban studied children , there was no significant difference between rural and urban children regarding most anthropometric (weight, height, BMI) shown 48.6% of studied children overweight according to BMI percentile and 29.1% % at risk of overweight after the comparing the results of this study with the Body Mass Index for age percentile for boys and girls. |