الفهرس 
Nanotechnology Basic conceptsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications. Many tools have been invented to measure properties of nanomaterials as the scanning probe instruments. Other methods developed to facilitate low cost mass production of nanomaterials. Using the nanocad software aided in predicting behavior of different nanomaterials. Nanomedicne is the application of advances in nanotechnology in the medical field. Nanomedicine can be grouped into three broad interrelated areas: drug delivery, regenerative medicine and analytical/diagnostic tools which can be subdivided into in vivo imaging and in vitro diagnostic. Using nanomedicine in drug delivery aims to get the ability to target and to control the drug release, using nanovehicles. Examples of nanovehicles include, among others, micelles, nanoemulsions, solid nanoparticles, dendrimers and liposomes. Nanomaterials showed many benefits in the field of regenerative medicine. Applications include its utilization as scaffolds or nano-composites, serving as delivery vehicles for biomolecules, and usage in cellular modification & labeling applications. Nanodiagnostics, defined as: the use of nanotechnology for clinical diagnostic purposes. It was developed to meet the demand for increased sensitivity in clinical diagnoses and earlier disease detection. It is difficult to classify such a wide range of nanotechnologies used in diagnostics but those with potential applications in molecular diagnostics include Nanosensors, integrated sensor nanotechnologies, nanotechnology on a chip, nanoparticle technologies, nanopore technology, and resonance light scattering technology. Clinical applications of nanotechnology in diagnosis include, among others, Immunohistochemistry, detection of disease biomarkers, detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms, Detection of disease genes, detection of microorganisms, and cancer diagnosis. There is no consensus on the real risks of nanomaterials. Risk evaluation presents challenges due to a lack of data, the complexity of nanomaterials, measurement difficulties, and undeveloped hazard assessment frameworks. Until the risk assessment is evaluated further, some precautionary measures should be considered to reduce risks, such as exposure control.