الفهرس 
EpidemiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are lifelong intestinal inflammatory conditions of unknown etiology, characterized by remissions and exacerbations. The main phenotypes are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Indeterminate colitis (IC) is reserved for cases of colitis for which findings are not sufficient to allow differentiation between CD and UC. Symptoms of inflammation are increased bowel frequency, diarrhea, faecal urgency resulting in incontinence, passage of blood per rectum, loss of appetite, anaemia, fatigue, abdominal pain and tenderness Some patients may also experience extra intestinal complications involving inflammation in the biliary tract, skin, mouth, eyes and joints. Indications to surgical treatment of UC can be distinguished in indications to elective and emergency, relative or absolute surgery. Elective surgery; failure of medical therapy, extraintestinal manifestations and preventing degeneration. Absolute emergency; perforation and toxic megacolon. Relative emergency in hemorrhage, severe colitis.