الفهرس 
Acute Renal FailureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a protean syndrome of
varied severity. It is characterized by a rapid decline in the
glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and retention of nitrogenous
waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and
creatinine.
AKI is diagnosed using blood urea, and serum creatinine
levels, but serum creatinine is an unreliable indicator of kidney
function during acute changes, as serum creatinine level can
vary widely with age, gender, muscle mass, muscle
metabolism, medications, and hydration status, another cause is
that its concentration may not change until about 50% of kidney
function has already been lost, at lower rates of glomerular
filtration the amount of tubular secretion of creatinine results in
overestimation of renal function, during acute changes in renal
filtration, serum creatinine does not accurately depict kidney
function until steady state equilibrium has been reached, which
may require several days.