الفهرس 
Introduction & Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Petroleum vapours resulted from increasing activities of petroleum and the
related industries represents an appreciable percentage of pollutants in the
environment. Petroleum vapours are widely spread in the environment so a greater
percentage of population are directly or indirectly exposed to the petroleum
pollutants.However, the major route of exposure is inhalation by workers during
production and distribution of the fuel, and by the general public during refueling
at service stations.
This work was conducted at El-Minia University Hospital laboratories in
June 2012. This work was done toinvestigate the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic
effects of kerosene and gasoline on albino rats after acute exposure regarding the
increase in dose and duration of exposure.
One hundred and eighty adult male albino rats weighting 150-200 grams
were included in this study. They were divided into 9 groups (twenty rats for each),
one control and the other 8 for gasoline and kerosene.
One hundred and eighty male albino rats were divided in nine groups as
follows: Group IIexposed to kerosene in a dose of 100 ppm for 8 hrs, group III
exposed to kerosene in a dose of 150 ppm for 8 hrs, group IV exposed to kerosene
in a dose of 50 ppm for 16 hrs, group V exposed to kerosene in a dose of 50 ppm
for 24 hrs.Group VIexposed to gasoline in a dose of 600 ppm for 8 hrs, group VII
exposed to gasoline in a dose of 900 ppm for 8 hrs, group VIII exposed to gasoline
in a dose of 300 ppm for 16 hrs, group IX exposed to gasoline in a dose of 300
ppm for 24 hrs.
The petroleum distillates, kerosene and gasoline, were given via inhalation.
After exposure, blood samples were driven from the rats for measurements of
blood urea, serum creatinine, cystatin C, β2–microglobulin, serum glutamate
oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase
(SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamiltransferase (γ-GT). After
completion of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, dissected and slices from
livers and kidneys were taken then stained by H&E stains for light microscopic
examination.
The biochemical parameters investigated showed a significant increase
(p≤0.05) when compared to the control. Exposure of rats to gasoline and kerosene
resulted to significant hepatic damage as elicited by the elevated levels of SGPT,
SGOT, Alp and γ-GT in comparison with the control group.
The levels of blood urea, serum creatinine, cystatin C and β2-μG were
significantly increased (p≤0.05) in rats exposed to gasoline and kerosene compared
to the control.
Histopathological findings of the liver of group II, III, IV and V exposed to
kerosene showed liver lesion in the form of chronic inflammatory cells mainly in
the form of lymphocytes in portal tracts and in-between hepatocytes. Moderate
fatty changes were also seen in liver of group V.
Groups VI, VII, VIII and IX that exposed to gasoline showed liver lesion in
the form of moderate infiltration with chronic inflammatory cells mainly in the
form of lymphocytes in portal tracts and in-between hepatocytes. Slight necrosis of
hepatocytes was also seen in group VII and VIII. However, group (IX) showed
marked necrosis of hepatocytes, marked fatty changes and marked infiltration with
chronic inflammatory cells.