الفهرس 
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Abstract
This investigation was carried out on 1423 animals [420 Friesian cows, 172 Brown Swiss cows, 379 buffaloes, 327 calves and 125 bulls] of different ages and various localities at Sharkia Governorate to show the incidence of brucellosis. This was done by using different serological tests on sera and milk samples of these animals and the results pointed out that:- The rose bengal test showed higher percentage of positive reactors 63 (6.4%) than tube agglutination test 43 (4.4%), Buffered acidified test 62 (6.3%) and Rivanol test 59 (6.1%). Moreover, RBT appeared to be the most sensitive and specific test for detecting specific immunoglobulins due to brucella infection.-The agreement between both of RBT, BAT and TAT was (100%) while between RT and TAT was (88.4%), also the sensitivity of RBT and BAT appeared to be higher than RT and TAT.-Regarding species, our results revealed that, the percentage of reactors was higher in cattle than in buffaloes using RBT [9.5% in Friesian cows, 3.5% in Brown Swiss cows and 4.5% in buffaloes]. The age also affect the percentage of reactors as adult cows and buffaloes showed higher percentage of reactors [9.9% and 4.1% respectivley] than in younger ages either in heifers [3.2% and 3.9% respect ively] or in calves [2.6% and 3.1% respectively]. The sex has its effect, as female cattle and buffaloes showed higher percentage of reactors [7.8% and 4.5% respectively) than in bulls [2.3% and 0.0% respectivley). - In comparison, the TAT resulted in higher number of positive reactors than the t4RT in both cattle [5.1% and 3.6%] and in buffaloes [6% and 5.5%] respectively. - Our investigation cleared that, the incidence of infection was higher in some localities in Sharkia Province, belong cattle in Abo-Hammad (22.9%) and in Kafr-Sakr (18.8%), belong buffaloes in El-Hosenya (8.2%) and in Ebrahemya (10%) using RBT.- This study also extended to involve the serological examination of ~ calves (4—8 months of age) before and after vaccination begining from the 1st month till the 18th month post-vaccination, also the results revealed that, the titre increased in between the 1st month and the 9th month post-vaccination then decreased till become nil at 16th month post-vaccination. Concerning the histopathological changes on the reproduce tive organs [uterus, mammary gland and supramammary lymph nodes], on the uterus resulted in mild and severe degree of endometrjtjs in mild degree showed limited infiltration of inflammatory cells in the endometrial layers while the endometrial glands not affected, but in severe degree showed severe infilteration of inflammatory cells in the endometrium with obliteration of the uterine glands with cellular exudate and showed pen—glandular cuffing with leucocytes and severe degeneration of surface and glandular epithelium. Moreover, the mammary glands either showed interstitial mastitis with leucocytic infiltration in between the lactiferous acini or diffuse infiltration of inflmmatory cells and obliteration of the acini and lactiferous ducts with leucocytes and exudate. While the effect of brucella on the supra—mammary lymph nodes showed hyperplasia of the lymphoid cells and severe infiltration of plasma cells and macrophages.