الفهرس 
6. Introduction And Aim Of Workيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The umbilicus is a significant esthetic unit of the abdominal area as well as an important anatomical landmark. Restoration of this natural form in abdominoplasty, breast reconstruction procedures, or primary reconstruction of the umbilicus due to surgery or trauma has been the goal of plastic surgeons from the early times of modern plastic surgery.
Objective: The objective is to provide an overview on the current approaches available for umbilicoplasty and applying different techniques for umbilicoplasty as regard its viability, shape and position.
Patients and methods: Twenty Egyptian patients above the age of 18 years and of both sex candidates for abdominoplasty, umbilical, and para-umbilical hernia repair, were subjected to a detailed history taking regarding age, examination for chronic diseases e.g diabetes mellitus, liver cell failure, and history of previous abdominal operations.
Results: A study of the results revealed that the ideal position of the umbilicus in a twenty normal females of average height 165.6 cm was 17.5 cm from the xiphisternum, 14.6 cm from the symphysis pubis, 15 cm from the right ASIS, 16 cm from the left ASIS. In a twenty normal males of average height 175 cm, it was 17.7 cm from xiphisternum, 16 cm from the symphysis pubis, 17 cm from the right ASIS, 17 cm from the left ASIS. The recommended points for measurement of distance to the umbilicus were the xiphisternum and the ASIS due to their being easy to locate in obese persons as well as not affected by the downward shift of the umbilicus which occurs in a large pendulous panniculus. The shapes of the umbilicus were found to be mostly vertical in young healthy slim females usually with a superior hood, and rounded usually in young males, or vertical with or without a hood. In obese candidates for abdominoplasty, the transverse slit variety was mostly found or sometimes the vertical also slit-like.
Conclusion: The umbilicus is an important feature of the human abdomen as well as an important anatomical landmark. The shape, position, and appearance of the umbilicus, which is transposed or even amputated during abdominoplasty, umbilical, and para-umbilical hernioplasty, should be recreated accordingly. Umbilical transposition, and reconstruction were done accordingly as a part of abdominoplasty, umbilical, and para-umbilical hernioplasty that their results were more satisfactory with Shiffman technique, 2005, in umbilical transposition, and also more satisfactory with Lida technique, 2003, in umbilical reconstruction.
Key words:
Umbilicus- Umbilical transposition- Umbilical reconstruction.