الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Faculty
of veterinary medicine, and Sadat City University on 250 one day old, white
broilers (Cobb – strain) from February to March, 2013.
The present study was carried out to determine the effect of herbal mixture
(fenugreek & curcumine) and/or bioflavonoid supplementation to the broiler diet and drinking water on growth performance, carcass quality, and internal visceral organs. Also, morphometeric study of intestine, antioxidant activity and the
pituitary gland relative to growth performance.
The experimental period (32 days) was divided into 2 periods: a starter
period (0-15 day) and finisher period (16- 32 days). The birds were divided into 5 groups (n= 50) at 16th of the experimental period.
1- G1 received ration mixed with herbal mixture plus bioflavonoid twice daily in
drinking water.
2- G2 as a control group (Chicks fed only basic diet plus clear water
supplementation).
3- G3 received basic ration plus bioflavonoid twice daily in drinking water..
4- G4 received ration mixed with herbal mixture plus bioflavonoid at the morning
and herbal mixture mixed with water at the evening. 5- G5 received basic ration plus bioflavonoid at the morning and herbal mixture
mixed with water at the evening.
On days 32, randomly six birds per group were sampled. The birds were
weighed to obtain live body weight, and then slaughtered by a sharp knife for complete bleeding (collect the drainage blood on heparinized and non heparinized
tubes). After complete bleeding, head was separated to obtain pituitary gland and entire intestine for histological examination and measurement. The birds were reweighted after removal of blood, skin, head and shanks. After that, viscera were removed, then reweight to obtain the all viscera weight and ready to cook (RTC) carcass weight and total giblets weight (gizzard, liver and heart). The results and statistical analysis indicated that:
1-Growth parameters:
The present study revealed that:
A - Live body weight: G1 (1675.38 ± 8.74, 2242.18 ± 31.32 respectively) has
significant difference (p < 0.05) when compared with other groups at 4th and 5th week.
B - Relative body weight gain: G5 (0.2782 ±0.0215) is the highest value and was differed significantly (p < 0.05) from G2 (0.1808 ±0.0379), but it has no significant (p < 0.05) difference with other groups at 5th week, However G1 (0.9799 ± 0.027)
has the higher significant value (p < 0.05) when compared with G2 and G4 (0.9773 ±0.000844b, 0.9777 ±0.000558 respectively).
C - Body weight gain: G1 (2197.18±31.32) was differed significantly (p < 0.05)
from other groups (1975.19±50.32, 2056.05±57.14, 2002.43±57.57, and
2050.76±38.58) at the end of the experiment.
D - Feed conversion ratio: G4 (2.03±0.0520) were differed significantly (p < 0.05)
from G3 and G5 (1.85±0.0488 and 1.65±0.0293 respectively).
2- Blood parameters:
The present study showed that: A-Erythrocyte and Leukocyte count:
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G2 (3.48 ± 0.13) relative to G4 (3.13 ± 0.06) and G4 in RBCs count.
- A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all groups in WBCs count.
B-Hemoglobin concentration (Hb): A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G4
(10.90 ± 0.69) relative to G2, G3, and G5 (8.86 ± 0.61, 9.16 ± 0.61, and 8.75 ±
0.43 respectively).
C-Packed Cell Volume: A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all
groups.
D-Blood indices:
- A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all poultry groups in MCV.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) between G4 (34.62±2.69) and G2 and G5
(26.38±2.16, 27.7 ±1.88 respectively) in MCH.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G4 (32.78±2.58) relative to G2 and G5
(25.61±1.98 AND 26.57±1.30 respectively) in MCHC.
3- Intestine Morphometeric study:
The current study illustrates the following:
A-Duodenum micro-morphology measurement
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G1, G3, and G4 (1200±45, 1180±48,
1200±36 respectively) relative to G2 (1000±42) in villous height of duodenum. - A significant difference (p < 0.05) between G3 (330±21) and G1, G2, G4, and G5 (180±10, 200±7, 230±39, and 180±8 respectively) in duodenal villous width.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G1, G3, G4, and G5 (180±7, 190±7, 180±9, and 190±7 respectively) relative to G2 (140±5) in duodenal crypt depth.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G5 (230±12) relative to G1, G2, G3, and G4 (180±10, 190±12, 190±12, and 190±7 respectively) in duodenal musclosa.- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G3 (1262.02±123.17) relative to G1, G2, G4, and G5 (676.22±45.45, 626.70±30.78, 864.54±153.42, 617.10±49.44 respectively) in duodenal surface area.
B – Jejunum micro-morphology measurement
- A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all poultry groups in villous height of jejunum.
- A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all poultry groups in jejunal villous width.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G2 (190±11) relative to G4 (160±9) in
jejunal crypt depth.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) in G5 (230±15) relative to G1, G2, G3, and G4 (180±7, 160±17, 180±9, and 170±9 respectively) in jejunal musclosa.
- A non significant difference (p < 0.05) between all poultry groups in jejunal surface area.