الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study had been carried out at El obour city, El kalubia governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. br The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of soil amendments (sewage sludge and compost) above and beneath the sandy soil at 10cm and level of chemical fertilization NPK (2:1:1) + MgSo4 on vegetative growth and chemical constituents of Paspalum vaginatum. br a) Soil amendments (Main plots) br 1- Sewage sludge layer 1 (2-2.5 cm) was added above the sandy surface soil (Ss1). br 2- Sewage sludge layer 2 (2-2.5 cm) was placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth (Ss2). br 3- The compost layer 1 (2-2.5 cm) was added above sandy surface soil (Cc1). br 4-The compost layer 2 (2-2.5 cm) was placed beneath sandy soil (Cc2). br b) Chemical fertilization (sub plot) br The fertilization treatments were combination between ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) at the rates of 60.81 kg, 91.66 and 121.63 kg /fed, potassium sulphate (48 % K2o), calcium super phosphate (15.5 % P2O5) at the rates of 30.40, 46.78 and 60.81 kg / fed and Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4.7H2O) at rates of 8, 12 and 17 kg / fed. br br The most important results can be summarized as follow: br -sewage sludge br - Using sewage sludge at rate 84 m3/ Fed resulted in significant increases in the fresh and dry weights of leaves as compared with control in both seasons with superior ss1 treatment was added above the sandy during September. br - Plant height of paspalum plant was greatly increased by using all treatments of sewage sludge was added above the sandy or placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth as compared with control in both seasons. However, the tallest plant was gained by using sewage sludge was added above the sandy during September. br - All tested treatments of sewage sludge was added above the sandy or placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth succeeded in increasing the fresh and dry weights of roots specially using Ss1 which recorded the highest values in this concern as compared with control. br - Lawn density of Paspalum vaginatum plants was progressively increased by using sewage sludge at both additions as compared with control in bath seasons. Anyhow, the greatest lawn density was gained by using was added above the sandy. br - Leaves and underground parts ”roots” total carbohydrates contents were greatly increased by using all treatments of sewage sludge. However, the highest leaf total carbohydrates content was scored by using was added above the sandy whereas the highest underground parts total carbohydrates content was recorded by suing placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth. br -Using sewage sludge was added above the sandy statistically recorded the highest values of leaves chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids during October as compared with control. br - Leaves chlorophylls a, b and carotenaids contents were increased by using sewage sludge specially placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth during January as compared with control. br - Leaf N, P and K content was increased by using sewage sludge with superior for was added above the sandy as compared with control. br - Root nitrogen content was greatly increased by using was added above the sandy as compared with control. br - Root P and K contents were greatly increased by using sewage sludge particularly placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth as compared with control in both seasons. br Compost: br -Using compost at rate 84 m3/ Fed added above or beneath the sandy additions significantly increased the fresh and dry weights of leaves as compared with control in both seasons. However the best result of this parameter was obtained by using was added above the sandy of this study. br - All addition of compost added above or beneath the sandy the sandy significantly increased the plant height of paspalum plants as compared with control in both seasons. However the tallest plant was recorded by using added above the sandy in both seasons. br - Fresh and dry weights of leaves were greatly increased by using both addition of compost specially using placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth as compared with control. br - All tested treatments of compost added above the sandy succeeded in increasing lawn density / m2 with superior when compared with control in both seasons. br - Leaves and underground parts total carbohydrates contents were increased by using both addition of compost, especially using placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth as compared with control in both seasons. br - Leaf chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents were progressively increased by using all treatments of compost during October in both seasons, particularly using added above the sandy. br - All tested applications of compost significantly increased leaf chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides contents during January in both seasons, specially using placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth. br - Leaf N, P and K contents were increased by using both addition of compost with superior for added above the sandy as compared with control in both seasons. br - Root nitrogen content was greatly increased by using compost treatments specially added above the sandy in both seasons. br - Both addition of compost increased root P and K content in both seasons with superior for placed beneath the sandy soil at 10 cm depth. br Chemical Fertilization: br - All tested application of chemical fertilization significantly increased the fresh and dry weights of leaves as compared with control in both seasons. However, the heaviest fresh and dry weights of level in both seasons of 28.96 g N, 14.48 P, K + 4g MgSo4 /m2. br -Plant height of Paspalum plant was greatly increased by using all level of chemical fertilization in both seasons, especially using the high level as compared with control of 28.96 g N,14.48 P, K + 4g MgSo4 /m2. br - Fresh and dry weights of roots were increased by using all tested level of chemical fertilization with superiority of NPK fertilizer at the high level as compared with control in both seasons of 28.96 g N,14.48 P, K + 4g MgSo4 /m2. br - All studied concentrations of chemical fertilizer significantly increased lawn density of Paspalum vaginatum plants as compared with control in both seasons. Concern was gained by using the high level of 28.96 g N, 14.48 P, K + 4g MgSo4 /m2. br - Total carbohydrates contents in level and roots were significantly increased by using all treatments of chemical fertilization particularly using the high level as compared with control in both seasons of 28.96 g N, 14.48 P, K + 4g MgSO4 /m2. br - Leaf chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents were increased during October in both seasons by using all tested treatments of chemical fertilization with superior for using the high level as compared with control in both seasons of 28.96 g N,14.48 P, K + 4g MgSo4 /m2. br - All tested application of chemical fertilization significantly increased leaf chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents during January as compared with control in both seasons. br - Leaf nitrogen content of Paspalum vaginatum plants was greatly increased by using all treated treatments of chemical fertilization with superior for the high level as compared with control in both seasons. br - Leaf P and K contents were significantly increased by using all tested application of chemical fertilization as compared with control in both seasons, particularly using the high level. br - Root P and K contents were significantly increased by using all tested application of chemical fertilization as compared with control in both seasons, especially using the high level. br Conclusion br -#102;-#114;-#111;-#109; the obtained results it could be recommended that using 84 m3/ Fed sewage sludge up soil during plant growth besides addition the compost during soil preparation then fertilized the lawns with the high level of chemical fertilization of ammonium nitrate (33.5% N), potassium sulphate (48% K2O), calcium super phosphate (15.5 % P2O5) and Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4.7H2O) at the rate of 28.96 g N, .