الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out on a total number of cows 554 and 322 buffalo-cows. All females failed to conceive after three successive inseminations at least. The length of the last estrous cycle and duration of estrous phase for cows in large dairy herds and buffalo-cows belonged to small breeders were recorded and the treatment protocol was done in four experiments as follows:-
I. Experiment I:
A total number of 162 cyclic non breeding dairy cows admitted to Sers Ellyan Veterinary Center were used in this experiment. The main effects were frequency of A.I at the same estrus and the intrauterine infusion of some antibiotics (streptomycin and procaine penicillin G.), honey or lugol’s iodine after A.I. The treatment regimen was designed into the following groups:-
Group I: Single A.I without an intrauterine infusion of any drugs (n = 26). Group II: Double A.I without an intrauterine infusion of any drugs (n = 24) Group III: Single A.I with an intrauterine infusion of streptomycin and
procaine penicillin G. dissolved in saline (n —28).
Group IV: Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of streptomycin and procaine penicillin G. dissolved in saline (n = 22).
Group V: Single A.I with an intrauterine infusion of honey (n = 15). Group VI: Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of honey (n = 11).
Group VII: Single A.I with an intrauterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (n = 25). Group VIII: Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (n = 11).
2.Experiment II:
A total number of 170 cyclic non-breeding buffalo-cows were used in this experiment. All animals admitted to Sers Ellyan Veterinary Center. The main effects were frequency of A.I at the same estrus and the intrauterine infusion of some antibiotics (streptomycin and procain penicillin G.), honey or lugol’s iodine after A.I. The treatment regimen was designed into the following groups:-
Group I : Single A.I without an intrauterine infusion of any drugs (n = 18). Group II : Double A.I without an intrauterine infusion of any drugs (n = 11). Group III : Single A.I with an intrauterine infusion of streptomycin and
procaine penicillin G. (n = 25).
Group IV : Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of streptomycin and procaine penicillin G. (n = 26).
Group V : Single A.I with all intrauterine infusion of honey (n = 26). Group VI : Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of honey (n = 16). Group VII: Single A.I with an intrauterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (n = 22). Group VIII: Double A.I with an intrauterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (n = 26).
3.Experiment III:
A total number of 392 cyclic non breeding Frisian dairy cows were used in this experiment from which 308 females belonged to three large dairy herds in both Menofia and Behirah Governorates and 84 animals admitted to Sers Ellyan Veterinary Center.The main effects were frequency of A.I at the same estrus and the administration of GnRH (single or double) or a-chymotrypsin after A.I. The treatment regimen was designed into the following groups:-
Group I : Single A.I without drug injection (n =52).
Group II : Double A.I without drug injection (n = 50).
Group III : Single Ad with an intramuscular injection of 20 lig GnRH
immediately at the time of insemination (n = 42).
Group IV : Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 ptg GnRH immediately after the time of insemination (n = 48).
Group V : Single A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 lig GnRH at Mid-luteal phase (n =34 )
Group VI : Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 gg GnRH at Mid-luteal phase (n =36 ).
Group VII : single A.I with an intramuscular injection of double doses of GnRH (20 gg, each), the first immediately at the time of insemination and the second at mid luteal phase (n=28).
Group VIII : Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of double doses of GnRH (20 gg, each), the first immediately at the time of insemination
and the second at mid luteal phase (n =32).
Group IX: Single A.I with an intramuscular injection of 5 mg a-chymotrypsin immediately at the time of insemination (n = 34).
Group X: Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of 5 mg a-chymotrypsin immediately at the time of insemination (n = 36).
4. Experiment IV :
A total number 152 of cyclic non-breeding buffalo-cows were manipulated in this experiment from which 89 females belonged to small breeders at different localities in Menofia Governorate and 63 animals admitted to Sers Ellyan Veterinary Center. The treatment regimens were designed into the following groups:
Group I : Single A.I without drug injection ( n = 15).
Group II : Double A.I without drug injection (n = 14).
Group III : Single A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 lig GnRH immediately at the time of insemination (n = 16).
Group IV :Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 jig GnRH immediately at the time of insemination (n = 18).
Group V :Single A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 jig GnRH at mid-luteal phase (n = 12).
Group VI : Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of 20 jig GnRH at mid-luteal phase (n = 10 ).
Group VII :single A.I with an intramuscular injection of double doses of GnRHa (20 jig, each), the first immediately after insemination and the second at mid-luteal phase (n = 14).
Group VIII : Double A.I with an intramuscular injection of double doses of GnRH (20 lig, each), the first immediately after insemination and the second at mid luteal phase (n =17).
Group IX : Single A.I with an intramuscular injection of a-chymotrypsin immediately at the time of insemination (n = 16).
Group X : Double Ai with intramuscular injection of a-chymotrypsin immediately at the time of insemination (11 = 20).
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:- I. Incidence of cyclic non breeding cows and buffalo — cows.
In general, the incidence of total repeat breeders syndrome in cows and buffalo-cows were recorded to be 15.41 and 10.24, respectively. Such problems in cows and buffalo-cows in Sers Ell-Yan were recorded to be 12.67% and 8.92% respectively. The incidence of this syndrome was observed to be 18.64% among cows in private farms and 16.73% among buffalo-cows belonged to small breeders.
H. Length of estrous cycle and duration of estrous phase for cyclic non breeding cows and Buffalo - cows.
The length of estrous cycle did not vary significantly between cows (21.30 ± 0.08 days) and buffalo-cows (21.06 ± 0.18 days). Meanwhile, the duration of estrous phase significantly was increased for buffalo-cows (18.96 ± 0.19 hours) than that recorded for cows (18.18 ± 0.09 hours).
III.Total percentage of cyclic non-breeding cows with strong and weak estrous signs
The percentage of total cyclic non-breeding cows with strong estrous signs (82.62%) was significantly higher than those weak estrous signs (17.32%).Meanwhile, such percentage for the total cyclic non-breeding buffalo-cows did not varied among the females with weak or strong estrous signs
IV.Effect of different trials of treatment upon the conception and pregnancy rates of cyclic non-breeding cows and buffalo-cows.
IV.A. Effect of intrauterine infusion of antibiotics, honey or lugol’s iodine upon the conception and pregnancy rates of cyclic non-breeding cows.
The best conception and pregnancy rates were recorded for the group of cows received double artificial insemination with an intra-uterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (63.64 and 63.64%, respectively) followed by those received double artificial insemination with an intrauterine infusion of antibiotics (63.64 and 59.09 % respectively).
W.B. Effect of intrauterine infusion of antibiotics, honey or lugol’s iodine upon the conception and pregnancy rates of cyclic non-breeding buffalo- cows.
The best conception and pregnancy rates were recorded for the groups of buffalo-cows received double artificial insemination with an intra-uterine infusion of antibiotics (61.54 and 57.69%, respectively) followed by those received double artificial insemination with an intrauterine infusion of lugol’s iodine (57.69 and 53.85 %, respectively).
IV .C. Effect of GnRH and a- chymotrypsin upon the conception and pregnancy rates of cyclic non-breeding cows.
The best conception and pregnancy rates were recorded for the group of cows received double artificial insemination with double GnRH injection during estrus and at mid-luteal phase ( 84.38 and 78.13 %, respectively) followed by those received double GnRH injection at mid-luteal phase (76.47 and 73.53, respectively) and those received single artificial insemination with double GnRH injection during estrus and at mid-luteal phase (78.57 and 71.43%, respectively).
IV.D. Effect of GnRH and a- chymotrypsin upon the conception and pregnancy rates of cyclic non-breeding buffalo-cows.
The best results of conception and pregnancy rates were recorded for the group of buffalo-cows received double artificial insemination with double GnRH injection during estrus and at mid-luteal phase (70.59 and 70.59%, respectively) followed by those received double artificial insemination with GnRH injection at mid-luteal phase (70.00 and 60.00 %, respectively).
In conclusion, the double artificial insemination during the same estrus with double GnRH injection immediately after insemination and at mid-luteal phase were consider the best treatment regimen used for cyclic non-breeding cows, the best conception and pregnancy rates ( 84.38n and 78.13 %, respectively), followed by those received double artificial insemination GnRH injection at mid-luteal phase and single artificial insemination with double GnRH injection during estrus and at mid luteal phase ( 78.57 and 71.43 %, respectively). Moreover, the best regimen used for treatment of cyclic non breeding buffalo-cows was found to be the double artificial insemination with double GnRH injection during estrus and at mid-luteal phase which result in and the best conception and pregnancy rates (70.59 and 70.59% respectively), followed by those received double artificial insemination with GnRH injection at mid-luteal phase (70.00 and 60.00% respectively).