الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate in-vitro the efficacy of Garlic and Ginger extract in the removal of smear layer in comparison with 2% CHX.Materials and Methods: Ginger, Garlic extract, and 2%CHX were prepared. Twenty one, single-rooted teeth were standardized to 15± 1 mm length and up to #20 Kfile apex’s width, each root canal was flushed with 3ml distilled water to remove any debris, the root surfaces were coated with varnish and root apices were sealed with epoxy resin. Each root was placed separately inside Eppendorf tube. Teeth were classified into 3 groups according to the irrigant used and prepared mechanically using protaper rotary files both shaper and finisher, each root were irrigated successively with 1 ml of tested irrigant after each file and then 3 ml as a final flush. After chemo- mechanical preparation, samples were evaluated of the remaining smear layer by ESEM.