الفهرس 
Embryological Development Of theOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 220 |  |  |
| | | from | 220 | | |
Abstract
Although CT has been used in patients with congenital heart disease, its applicability has been limited by the low temporal resolution of conventional CT. Recently, the development of multi-slice spiral CT with subsecond gantry rotation time has been found to enhance the clinical applicability of cardiac CT in such field. Multiplanar and three-dimensional (3D) images reformatted from multi-slice spiral CT data can demonstrate normal and pathologic cardiovascular structures in patients with congenital heart disease, even in young children.
Unlike echocardiography, CT provides excellent anatomic information, identifying the aorta, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins. Moreover, CT is faster to perform than echocardiography and, therefore, reduces sedation time in pediatric patients. CT can be superior to MRI in important ways. First, it is readily available, which reduces delays in the scheduling of imaging examinations. A reduction in imaging time is another comparative advantage of CT, particularly in the sick patient. Superior 3-D evaluation of airway pathology with multislice CT is a significant additional advantage when compared with echocardiography or MRI. This is valuable since congenital heart diseases may be associated with significant tracheobronchial pathology.
The short acquisition time of multislice CT enabling imaging of the whole heart in about 10 to 15 seconds in addition to ECG gating of acquisition can be utilized to non-invasively assess the direction of blood shunting in case of congenital intracardiac shunting.
Multidetector computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography has become a principal imaging method for the assessment of thoracic vascular anomalies and challenged the role of digital subtraction angiography. The advantages of MDCT angiography in comparison with digital subtraction angiography are that it is a non-invasive technique and it enables complete assessment of the vascular and cardiac anomalies and their spatial relationships with adjacent organs within the same study
The number of adult patients with corrected congenital heart disease has been increasing, owing to improvements in surgical techniques, other interventions, and perioperative care. Multislice CT with its high spatial resolution can delineate the complex anatomical details in such patients.
The reader of CT images must be familiar with the complex anatomy, morphology, and terminology of congenital heart disease, as well as with the interventional procedures used to correct congenital abnormalities. Thus, the use of CT is recommended in care centers with a multidisciplinary congenital heart disease team. Nonfamiliarity with the complexity of congenital heart diseases might lead to misinterpretation and mismanagement.
The development of live 3D transthoracic & Transesophygeal echocardiography has enhanced the role of US in evaluation of congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Catheter cardioangiography plays an important role in both diagnosis & management OF CHDs. MRI provide complementary diagnostic information.