الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objective of this work Firstly: influence of manganese chloride (MnCl2) on structural, optical, thermal, magnetic and electrical properties of PES These films have been prepared by casting technique, while different technique had been used to investigate both systems. Secondly: preparation characterization of in-situ prepared silver/PVDF-PVP nano-composities
In the case of PES filled with MnCl2, FT-IR spectra showed some changes in the position and intensity of some absorption bands. UV-Vis. optical absorption spectra shows absorption shoulder at about 297 nm which decreased with increasing MnCl2 content may be related to Mn-ions and indicating complexation between the polymer and Mn-ions. Electrical conductivity changed within the range 2.06×10-13to 1.06×10-11 S/cm at 180 οC , which suggests MnCl2 as good filler to improve the electrical conductivity of PES. The ESR spectrum for the virgin sample showed unresolved complicated spectral lines due to the hyperfine structure resulting from the interaction of the unpaired electrons with the nuclei of the virgin sample.
In the case of preparation characterization of in-situ prepared silver/PVDF-PVP nano-composities, XRD spectrum confirmed the crystalline structure of silver nanoparticles. All the peaks in XRD pattern can be readily indexed to a face-centered cubic structure of silver. FT-IR shows that change in intensity of the carbonyl absorption band of PVP located at 1662 cm-1 increase when PVP blended with PVDF. This observation can be interprets the effect of forming hydrogen bond between PVDF and PVP. UV-Vis. optical absorption spectra shows absorbance band at 414 nm is attributed to the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon of free electrons in the conduction bands of Ag nanoparticles. Electrical conductivity (σ) of the samples was changed, which suggests AgNO3 as good filler to improve the electrical conductivity of films.