الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was designed to determine the difference in resistin levels in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to a control group of apparent healthy persons. The aim extends to examine the relationship and possible associations between the levels of resistin and different markers of disease activity, inflammation, renal function, lipids and bone mineral density in patients with SLE and RA, in order to assess the value of resistin as a specific marker of inflammation in patients with SLE and RA.
This study included three groups:
Group (I):
Included 30 patients suffering from SLE defined according to the updated American College of Rheumatology (ACR) revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (Hochberg,
1997).
They were all females (100%) whose ages ranged between 19-62 years (mean of 40.36 ± SD 10.55 years) and disease duration ranging between 1 -25 years (mean of 9.73 ± SD 6.78 years). The mean BMI of this group was 32.055± SD1.07 kg/m2 with a range from 20.96-40 kg/m2.
Group (II):
Included 30 patients suffering from RA defined according to the
American College of Rheumatology (ACR) revised criteria (Arnett et al.,1988).
They were all females (100%) whose ages ranged between 20 to 60 years with (mean of 40.24±10.41 years) and disease duration ranging
between 6 months -16 years (mean of 6.18 ± SD 3.7 years). The mean
BMI of this group was 29.48 ± SD 1.11 kg/m2 with a range from 22.3-
38.46 kg/m2.
Group (III)
A control group including 30 apparent healthy volunteers matched for age and sex with other groups, they were all females (100%). Their ages ranged between 21-57 years (mean 38.07 ± SD 11.12 years). The mean BMI in this group was 30.17 ± SD 1.23kg/m2 with a range from
23.47 -39.87 kg/ m2.
All patients were subjected to full history taking, full detailed clinical examination, laboratory assessment (ESR, CRP, renal function, urine examination, lipid profile, RF, ANA, anti-dsDNA, ACPA, C3 and C4), X-ray both hands for RA patients, DEXA scan for both SLE and RA patients, assessment of disease activity according to SLEDAI for SLE patients and according to DAS 28 score for RA patient’s and assessment of radiological damage for RA patients using Larsen score.
Serum samples from all patients and controls are tested for resistin levels. BMI was calculated for patients and control.
Patients with the following conditions were excluded from the study:-
1. Pre existing diseases causing nephritis,
2. Evidence of malignancy,
3. Concurrent infection,
4. Diabetes in patients and control.
The results of this study were as follows
By studying the resistin levels in sera of SLE, RA and control it was found that:
♦The mean resistin levels in sera of SLE patients was 2.866 ng/ml with range 0.125- 12.52 ng/ml.
♦While the mean resistin levels in sera of RA patients was 3.002ng/ml
with range 0.886- 8.964 ng/ml
♦In the control group the mean levels of serum resistin was 2.144 ng/ml
with range 0.134 -7.767 ng/ml .
Althoug the mean of serum resistin levels in SLE (2.866 ng/ml) is greater than control (2.14 ng/ml). It was insignificant (p=.233).
The mean of serum levels of resistin in RA is (3.002 ng/ml) was greater than control (2.14 ng/ml). But It was insignificant (p=.070) but close to be significant.
There was no significant difference between serum levels of resistin between SLE and RA parients (p=0.098).
The comparison between the resistin levels of the previous three
groups was not statistically significant where p˃0.05.
As regard SLE:
The effect of disease duration on serum resistin levels in SLE were insignificant correlations (p>0.05).
All laboratory parameters had insignificant correlations with serum resistin levels except the platelets that had an inverse significant correlation (p=0.022). There is insignificant correlation between
serum levels of resistin and SLEDAI (p=0.180).
No significant correlation was found between daily dose of steroid, antimalarial, azathioprine or cyclophosphamide and serum resistin levels.
The effect of T-score Hip, T-score Vertebrae and Vitamin D on serum resistin levels in SLE were insignificant correlations (p>0.05).
As regard RA:
The effect of disease duration on serum resistin levels in RA were insignificant correlations (p>0.05).
All laboratory parameters had insignificant correlations with serum resistin levels (p> 0.05).
There was no significant correlation between weekly dose of methotrexate, daily dose of anti-malarial and adalimumab therapy and serum Resistin.
The effect of T-score Hip, T-score Vertebrae and Vitamin D on serum resistin levels in RA were insignificant correlations (p>0.05).
There is insignificant correlation between serum levels of resistin and DAS 28 (p=0.207).
No significant correlation between serum levels of resistin and
Larsen score (p=0.735).
Conclusion
Although resistin may have a role in the pathogenesis of SLE and or RA owing to its higher level in these diseases compared to the controls, this could not be confirmed in our study where its plasma levels did not correlate with any known clinical or laboratory marker.