الفهرس 
Structure of Human Small IntestineOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acrylamide (C₃H₅NO) is a white odourless chemical
substance which is used worldwide to synthesize
polyacrylamide which is used in many applications such as a
soil conditioner, in wastewater treatment, in cosmetic, paper
and textile industries. Acrylamide is also formed naturally
during cooking through a series of reactions known as Maillard
reactions. These reactions represent a form of non- enzymatic
browning which result from a chemical reaction between an
amino acid, primarily asparagine and a reducing sugar as
glucose or fructose in the presence of high temperature.
Human exposure to acrylamide comes from dermal
contact with solid monomer and inhalation of dust and vapor in
the occupational setting. In April 2002, researchers from the
Swedish National Food Administration first reported the
finding of detectable levels of acrylamide in commonlyconsumed
baked and fried foods. For adults, average intake of
acrylamide-containing food ranges from 0.3-0.5 μg/kg body
weight per day. Children and adolescents tend to consume more
acrylamide on per body weight basis.
Acrylamide causes skin irritation and is neurotoxic to the
nervous system. Recently, acrylamide is classified as a ”probable human carcinogen” as it induces tumors in
experimental animals such as scrotal mesothelioma and
mammary gland tumors.
Currently, the uses of alternative medicine have been
rapidly increasing worldwide. Herbal medicines are less
damaging than synthetic drugs and have better compatibility,
thus, improving the patient tolerance even on long term use.
Ginger has been commonly used as a food additive and
spice. Ginger is also used as a phytomedecine since ancient
times. In addition, ginger has been widely studied for its
pharmacological activities and has been reported to exhibit antiinflammatory,
anti-pyretic, anti-migraine, hypoglycemic and
diuretic actions. It is also known as a natural antioxidant.
Ginger reduces nusea and vomiting in postoperative patients
and hyperemesis gravidarumin first trimester of pregnancy.
Also, Ginger has a protective role against acrylamide
neurotoxicity in rats and also against the harmful effect on the
intestine.
So the aim of the present work was to detect the effect of
acrylamide on the small intestine of albino rats, as well as, the
role that ginger can play in reducing this effect.