الفهرس 
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Abstract
Duck septicemia (Pasteuellosis) is a disease which affects ducks leading to high economic losses in poultry industry. Infections caused by R. anatipestifer should be differentiated from these caused by P. multocida because the two microorganisms have exudative serositic lesions. R. anatipestifer is the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa (also called new duckling disease). These bacteria belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae which are gram-negative bacteria. P. multocida infections are associated with severe, life-threatening systemic disease involving both hemorrhagic pneumonia and septicemia.
The present study was conducted from November 2011 to March 2013 with the aim of isolating R. anatipestifer and P. multocida by conventional culture method and confirming the results by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and convential PCR.
A total of 220 ducklings and ducks of Mallard, Muscovy and Baladi breeds which were suffering from signs of septicemia were collected to be examined bacteriologically. Only 41 cases were positive for R. anatipestifer infection and the proportion of isolation was (18.6%). Only 22 cases were positive for P. multocida infection and the proportion of isolation was (10%).To detect the susceptibility or resistance of the recovered isolates, 12 different types of antimicrobial sensitivity discs with variable concentrations were used in the laboratory. Only 41 isolates were confirmed to be R. anatipestifer by Real time PCR using RieAna dtec-qPCR kit and 22 isolates were confirmed to be P. multocida using convential PCR.