الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was carried out on 168 adult albino rats (60-80 day
old age). After acclimatization for 2 weeks, the rats were randomly
classified into 7 groups, each group contain 24 rats as following:
1. Group I Control group (-ve control): served as control without any
treatment for 8 weeks. These rats received normal food and water
during the period of the study.
2. Group II (+ve control): served as experimental control and received
ammonium metavanadate at concentration of 1/10 of LD50 about 5.62
mg/kg dissolved in 0.2 ml distilled water orally intragastric daily for
8 weeks.
3. Group III: Animals received ammonium metavanadate as in group
II and were taken individual treatment of tiron (314 mg/kg/day
dissolved in 0.2 ml distilled water) orally intragastric 4 days /week.
4. Group IV: Animals received ammonium metavanadate as in group
II and were administered selenium (0.5 mg/kg dissolved in 0.2 ml
distilled water) orally 4 days /week.
5. Group V: Animals received ammonium metavanadate as in group II
and were administered vitamin E (50 mg/kg dissolved in 0.2 ml
distilled water) orally 4 days /week.
6. Group VI: Animals received ammonium metavanadate as in group
II and were administered tiron (314 mg/kg/day) and selenium (0.5
mg/kg, orally) 4 days /week.
7. Group VII Animals received ammonium metavanadate as in group
II and were administered tiron (314 mg/kg/day) and vitamin E (50
mg/kg, orally) 4 days /week.
Rats were observed daily. The body weight was recorded on the first
day before injection (initial weight) and the day of sacrifice (final weight)
every 2 weeks until 8th week. Blood samples were collected from which
serum was isolated for various blood biochemical assays (malondiadehyde
(MDA), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and testosterone assay).
Immediately after blood collection, rats were rapidly sacrificed and tissue
specimens from the liver and kidney were fixed in 10% neutral buffered
formalin solution, while other organs testes and epididymis were fixed in
Bouin’s solution for light histopathological examination. Small blocks (1m x 1m) from the liver tissues were additionally processed for transmission
electron microscopy.
The results of the present study showed that all rats in the control
group were in good healthy condition and showed normal appearance,
higher activity throughout the period of experiment. Rats of group II +ve
control (ammonium metavanadate treated rats) had diarrhea, reduction in
food consumption, loss of appetite and weight, loss of viability, depression
toward the end of the experiment. No distinctive differences were observed
in physical appearance and in motor behavior in all rats exposed to
ammonium metavanadate plus chelation therapy (tiron) and/or antioxidants
(vitamin E, selenium) compared to the controls during the whole period of
the experiment.
The post mortem examination of ammonium metavanadate-treated
rats revealed marked emaciation and dehydration, the intestine was small,
free from food with sever congestion and contain serous exudate and gases.