الفهرس 
Epidemiology of HCV in EgyptOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
H
epatitis C is a disease with a significant global impact. According to the World Health Organization there are 130-170 million people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and there is considerable regional difference.
Egypt is one of the countries with very high rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) related morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about geographical and clinical differences in genetic variability of HCV in Egypt.
Now the second highest cause of cancer incidence and mortality among men, HCC in Egypt which.occurs at rates significantly greater than those seen in surrounding Middle Eastern countries.
The incubation period is about 7-8 weeks (range 2-26 weeks) prodromal symptoms are rare. Only 20% of patients become icteric. The symptoms resemble those of other forms of viral hepatitis. Serum HCV RNA becomes positive 1-2 weeks after infection. At 7-8 weeks, serum ALT is moderately increased to about 15 times the upper limit of normal. Clinical diagnosis is rarely made and this depends on viral markers. Icteric hepatitis is rare and fulminate hepatic failure is controversial.
Transmission of HCV has been well-documented in health care settings. Transmission of this virus has been reported from patient to HCP, from HCP to patient, and from patient to patient HCV, while less infectious than HBV, is on average six times more likely than HIV to be transmitted after a percutaneous exposure. Although, it is important for HCPs to be mindful of all of these common bloodborne pathogens. Measures for preventing transmission are common to all three of these viruses.
Currently, occupational HCV transmission is only preventable through prevention of blood exposure. Every medical office and facility should have an occupational health plan for the prevention and treatment of exposures to bloodborne pathogens.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is transmitted through blood and other body fluids to health care providers via needle stick injuries, contact with mucous membrane or broken skin. One must take all the standard precautions to prevent needle prick injuries as well as contact with contaminated items or body fluids. Hypochlorite solution should be used as surface disinfectant for blood contaminated spills. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends terilization or high-level disinfection of HCV contaminated devices. HCV infection is the most dreaded of the lot as it is more common in us than the general population Patients with end-stage liver disease are at significant risk of morbidity and mortality after anesthesia and surgery. Medical or surgical interventions may exacerbate liver dysfunction and result in life-threatening hepatic failure.