الفهرس 
cover englshOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pain is a warning signal that helps to protect the body from tissue damage. The sensation of pain originates from the activation of nociceptive primary afferents by intense thermal, mechanical or chemical stimuli. these nociceptor sites are small, free nerve endings and the nociceptive stimuli are numerous. chronic facial pain is common problem . many suffer chronic pain in the face and between 25-45% are affected sometimes in life the age range for, facial pain extends from childhood to late adult life, with peak age at 30,50 years. It is four to five times more common in females than in males , although some claim that men are equally affected, but many more women seek treatment. Orofacial pain is often and recurrent, and the severity of pain and disability is variant.