الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was conducted during the flowering periods of citrus trees, clover and maize plants. Two honey bee races; Italian bees, Apis mellifera ligustica , carniolan bee, Apis mellifera carnica and carniolan first hybrid were used to evaluate the effects of bee races types of protelnaeous food. On the number of brood cells in each growing cycle of workers, the number of pollen cells stored in the experimental colonies and the mean weight of collected pollen grain pellets in the pollen traps which were fixed at the entrance of the bee hives. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
5.1. Effect of honey bee races on certain bee activities:
5.1.1. Number of brood cells:
At the beginning of citrus blooming season, the lowest number of brood cells was recorded for any tested race, then gradually increased as the blooming period progressed. The highest number of brood cells was recorded for Italian race, followed by the carniolan first hybrid and the least number was, however, obtained for carniolan race. Similar trend was given for the mean number of brood cells in the experimental honey bee colonies of different races during the blooming period of clover plants or maize plant, However. during the blooming period of the later plant; i.e. , maize, the highest brood cells were obtained in italian colonies, followed by carniolan ones, and the lowest was, however, recorded in colonies headed with carniolan first hybrid queen.
5.1.2. Number of pollen cells:
Pollen cells began at low number at the beginning of the citrus blooming period then gradually increased to reach the maximum on March 25 for italian and carniolan races and on March 13 for carniolan first hybrid, then gradually decreased towards the end of blooming period. The highest number of pollen cells was found in italian bee colony. followed by carniolan one and carniolan first hybrid colony . The same trend could be applied for the mean number of pollen cells during the blooming period of clover and maize plants, but in both cases the highest pollen cells were found in italian colony, followed by carniolan first hybrid and carniolan colony.
5.1.3. Weight of collected pollen pellets in traps:
The heaviest gathered pollen grains which were collected from citrus trees by italian colonies of pure race and carniolan first hybrid ones were found on April 6 and earlier on March 25 by carniolan race. Irrespective of the date of inspecting, the high weight of collected pollen pellets was achieved by workers of italian race, followed by these of carniolan race and carniolan first hybrid ones. The same trend could be applied for the mean weight of collected pollen grains by different honey bee races from either clover or maize plants.
5.2. Effect of different diet regimes of certain bee activities:
These experiments were conducted on the first hybrid carniolan honey bee colonies to study the effects of yeast cake, soy bean cake and pollen grain cake on the numbers of brood cells, numbers of pollen cells and weight of collected pollen pellets during the flowering periods of citrus trees, clover and maize plant. as well as during the dearth period in Autumn.
5. 2. 1. Number of brood cells:
The highest mean number of brood cells in honey bee colonies during the blooming period of citrus trees was recorded when they were Fed on pollen grain cake, followed by these fed on yeast cake ,and the least number was, however, recorded in colonies fed on soybean cake. This was common for colonies fed on pollen grains and pollen substitutes during the flowering periods of either clover or maize plants. and during the dearth period in autumn.
5.2.2. Number of pollen cells:
The highest mean number of pollen cells which were stored in the wax cells of the first hybrid honey bee colonies during the flowering period of citrus trees were recorded when the experimental colonies were
supplied with pollen grain cake, followed by these fed on yeast cake and soybean cake . The same trend could be applied for colonies fed on pollen grains and pollen substitutes during the flowering periods of clover and maize plants, as well as during the dearth period in autumn.
5-2-3-weight of collected pollen pellets in traps
The highest weight of pollen grains collected from pollen traps which were fixed at the entrance of the experimental honey bee hives was obtained when colonies received pollen grain cake for feeding, followed by yeast cake, and soybean cake. This was common during the blooming periods of citrus trees, clover and maize plants as well as during the dearth period in autumn.