الفهرس 
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Abstract
Amobile ad-hoc networks manet is an autonomous collection of mobile users that communicate over relatively contrined bandwidth wirless links one of the min issues in such netwoks is performance in a dynamically chaning topology the nodes are expected to be power aware due to the bndwidth constrained network anthor issue in uch networks is security since every node participates in the opetion of the network equally malicious nods are difficult to detect there are several applications of obile ad hoc networks such as disaster recovery operations battle field communications.