الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury is generally defined as an abrupt and sustained decrease in kidney function. Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) formulated the Risk, Injury, and Failure, Loss, and End-stage Kidney (RIFLE) defines three grades of increasing severity of acute kidney injury - risk (class R), injury (class I) and failure (class F) - and two outcome classes (loss and end-stage kidney disease). It depends on serum creatinine and urine output as markers of renal function.
Depending on traditional markers for renal functions, namely blood urea and serum creatinine, has lead to unacceptable delay in diagnosis and in initiating treatment.
Our study aimed at depicting the role of cyc-C as an early marker for AKI.
The present study included 70 subjects that have been classified into two groups:
Group 1: 50 critically-ill patients at risk for developing AKI
Group 2: 20 healthy subjects were taken as control.
Both patients & control groups in the study have been subjected to thorough history taking, complete clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations including full blood count, fasting blood sugar, liver profile, ESR, arterial blood gases, electrolytes, pelvi-abdominal ultrasonography and cyc-C.Blood urea, serum creatinine and cyc-C were withdrawn from all patients at admission, then at 24 hours &1 weak intervals.
In our study, we proved that cyc-C levels serve as a non-invasive, rapid, sensitive, reproducible, and potentially high throughput method to detect early kidney injury in critically-ill patients.
Cystatin C: A serum protein that is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and that serves as a measure of kidney function.Cyc-C levels were elevated before a rise in serum creatinine. Its low molecular mass allows it to be freely filtered by the glomerular membrane in the kidney. Its concentration in blood correlates with the glomerular filtration rate. The levels of cystatin C are independent of weight and height, muscle mass, age (over a year of age), and sex. Measurements can be made and interpreted from a single random sample. Cystatin C production in the body is a stable process that is not influenced by renal conditions, increased protein catabolism, or dietetic factors.