الفهرس 
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Abstract
Chapter 6 summary and conclusion
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6. Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion
Obstructive nephropathy is a major cause of renal failure and end-stage renal disease in adults and children. It is characterized by the progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the glomeruli (glomerulosclerosis) and between tubules (tubulo-interstitial fibrosis). Interstitial fibrosis is a complex pathophysiological process involving inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation. In this study we investigated the effect of MSC on renal function and fibrosis as well as renal morphology in a mice model of unilateral ureteral obstruction.
The materials this study comprised 60 mice that were divided into 6 groups (10 mice each group) as follow;
Group I (Sham group): mice subjected to sham operation without left ureteral obstruction.
Group II (+ve control 1 W): mice were subjected to left ureteral obstruction (UUO) without MDSC.
Group III (+ve control 2 W): mice were subjected to left ureteral obstruction (UUO) and treated without MDSC.
Group IV (UUO+ MDSC before OP): mice were subjected to left ureteral obstruction (UUO) and treated with MDSC just before the UUO operation
Group V (UUO+ MDSC 1 W after OP): mice were subjected to left ureteral obstruction (UUO) and treated with MDSC 1 week after the UUO operation
Chapter 6 summary and conclusion
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Group VI (UUO+ MDSC 2 W after OP): mice were subjected to left ureteral obstruction (UUO) and treated with MDSC 2 week after the UUO operation
Mesenchymal stem cells were injected in mice through caudal veins 1 × 106 for each mouse according to the protocol. Blood samples were taken, at day 1 and 14 after induction of UUO. Mice were sacrificed under pentobarbital anesthesia 14 days after MDSC treatment to obtain kidney tissues. Kidney tissues were examined for hydroxyproline content (as a marker for fibrosis) and routine histopathological examination for assessment of tubular, glomerular and interstitial lesions.
The results of this study are analyzed and the following conclusions can be drawn:
1) UUO caused impairment of renal functions manifested by significant elevation in serum creatinine, BUN and uric acid (1 and 14 days after induction of UUO).
2) UUO enhanced the collagen deposition in kidney tissues manifested by significant elevation in hydroxyproline content in kidney tissues
3) There were a positive correlation between the degree of elevation of serum markers (creatinine, BUN, and uric acid) and amount of collagen content in kidney tissues.
4) Also, UUO deteriorated renal morphology in the form of glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy and necrosis and interstitial haemorrhage and fibrosis.
Chapter 6 summary and conclusion
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5) Treatment with MSC before induction of ureteral obstruction caused marvelous improvement in kidney function, renal fibrosis and renal morphology.
6) Also, treatment with MSC 1 week and 2 weeks after induction of UO caused significant improvement in renal function, interstitial fibrosis and renal morphology.
7) Early intervention with MSC is more protective against the harmful effects of UUO.