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Abstract Recent reemphasis of gestat:.onal maturity as a criterion to be used with birth weight in the categorization of the neonates, has distinguished a new group of newly born infants in which birth weight is less than expected for gestational maturity. The pioneer work of Lubchenko et al ( 1963) has stimulated a great deal of work over the last two decades, regarding this group of undergrown newborn infants, variously termed ”Small for dates”, ”Small for gestational age”, II Dysmatures’ u or ”I ntrauter1. ne grcwt•L• retar d e d” It h~s come to the realization of the contemporary obstetricians and the neonataologists as well, that this group of newly born infants constitutes a partieularly vulnerable group in which quantitative and qualitative differences in mortality and morbidity are apparent when they are compared either to their gestatio nul or weight peers, furthermore, the influence of this condition has been also observed in later clti ldhood. |