الفهرس 
introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 184 |  |  |
| | | from | 184 | | |
Abstract
1
INTRODUCTION
General Introduction
Since their introduction in the early 1960’s oral contraceptives have became widely accepted as a
highly reliable method of family planning. While the piles efficacy has never been a contentious
issue, its side effects and safety have been of concern to health professionals and their
patients.
This concern has resulted in the development of new formulations that contain reduced dosages of
progestogen and oestrogen. Initially, attention was centered on reducing the oestrogen dosage
because of its link to various side effects such as thrombolism, cardiovascular diseases and
gastro-intestinal manifestations. More recently attention has tanned to lOwering the
progestational potency of the pill, as studies found a link between progestagens and hypertension,
reduction of glucose tolerance and reduction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and
arteriosclerosis (Dickey and Stone, 1980).
The drug on which this present study has been centered is
Norminest Fe. This low dose oral contraceptive was developed to
2
minimize serious side effects while maintaining efficacy, safety and
035
patient acceptance. Its formulation of 0.5 mg norethindrone and ·
of mg ethanol oestradiol represents the lowest effective dosB
oestrogen combined with a low-potency progesterone (DickeY and
Stone, 1980).
. n nas
As demonstrated in various clinical trials this combinatJO
been claimed to be an effective and well-tolerated low dose
oral
contraceptive, because of this assumption as well as the increasinglY
jiable dependency on contraceptive pills as one of the most highlY re
method of family planning, the effect of the drug has subjected to investigation in this present
study.