الفهرس 
Abstract
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Abstract
Access to, and use of water, are fundamental to human survival, health and productivity. The
indivisibility of these functions of water to support human well-being lies at the heart of a
holistic view of the resources and the need to assure its sustainability. In this regard, we need to
look at the water management in an integral way as a process with many dimensions and
concerns not only the different water related public agencies, but also all sectors of the society,
including the private water users. IWRM addresses a wide range of issues involving the
management of the resource, relations with and participation of water users, organization of the
service in spatial terms and within the wider context of socio-economic development. Some of
these issues include efficient and equitable water allocation, public health and environmental
sustainability, institutional arrangements, and international water rights.
The main objective is to define and discuss the concept of the Integrated Water Resources
Management as an international concept, and its application in Egypt based on the applied
measures of the Egyptian government in that direction, and also by assessing the water balance
as a main part of the water management process in Egypt using a simulation model.
Detailed discussion and assessment of relevant Integrated Water Resources Management
(lWRM) topics will be discussed in this thesis to provide comparative analysis between the
rWRM as a concept and the Egyptian practices to conclude the lessons learned from real life
experiences. These are based on three fundamental elements of IWRM, 1) The Enabling
Environment: setting goals for water use, protection and conservation, Legislative framework -
the rules to follow to achieve policies and goals, and Financing and incentive structures -
allocating financial resources to meet water needs. 2) The Institutional Roles: Creating an
organizational framework - forms and functions of the various administrative levels and
stakeholders, and Institutional capacity building - developing human resources. 3) The
Management Instruments: Water resources assessment - understanding resources and needs,
Plans for IWRM - combining development options, resource use and human interaction,
Demand management - using water more efficiently, Social change instruments - encouraging a
water-oriented civil society, Conflict resolution - managing disputes, ensuring sharing of water,
regulatory instruments - allocation and water use limits, Economic instruments - using value and.