الفهرس 
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Abstract
This in vitro study was carried out to evaluate enamel erosion in permanent teeth after application of casein containing pastes. Materials and methods: Forty teeth extracted for orthodontic purpose had been selected and were divided into two main equal groups A and B with two subgroups 1& 2 each containing 10 teeth. Base line Vicker’s hardness number was measured for all teeth . Demineralization was done for 72 hours using apple juice for group A and pepsi for group B . Vicker’s hardness number was measured to evaluate changes in surface microhardness after demineralization . PH cycle was carried out for five consecutive days with alternative demineralization for 3 hours and remineralization for 21 hours. During remineralization tooth mousse was used for group A1and B1 while using MI paste plus for both group A2 and B2 . pastes were applied on teeth surfaces for 3 minutes then teeth were immersed in artificial saliva for 21 hours. Vicker’s hardness number was measured to evaluate changes in surface microhardness after remineralization . Results: Both the tooth mousse and MI paste plus showed increase in microhardness mean values of the enamel surfaces after pH cycling. However specimens of MI paste plus groups recorded a higher increase in microhardness mean value than obtained with the tooth mousse groups.
Conclusion: Application of both tooth mousse and MI paste as a topical coating for five days had a significant effect in reducing demineralization of the enamel surface.
Recommendations: It is recommended that casein containing pastes should be used as a self-applied topical coating after teeth brushing by children who have a high caries risk.