الفهرس 
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Abstract
Breast milk contains all the nutrients required by the newborn baby. It also contains non-nutritional components that may promote infant health, growth, and development, such as antimicrobial factors, digestive enzymes, hormones and growth factors ,one of these growth factors is IGF-I. A diabetic mother should be given the same opportunity to breastfeed her baby as a non-diabetic mother. Diabetes is not a contraindication for breastfeeding.
IGF-I is also called somatomedin C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF-I gene. IGF-I is produced primarily by the liver as an endocrine hormone as well as in target tissues in a paracrine/autocrine fashion. Production is stimulated by GH.
Maternal diabetes results in marked changes in weight, adiposity and hormonal axes at birth. Infants born to mothers with diabetes have been at significantly greater risk for spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, congenital malformations, and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Macrosomia remains an important clinical problem in the care of women with diabetes
It is established that IGF-I plays a major role in both fetal and postnatal growth in human .Previous studies demonstrated that maternal diabetes is associated with significant alterations in IGF-I level in cord blood. No Previous studies demonstrated the level of IGF-I in milk of diabetic mothers.
In our study we measured IGF-I level in IDM serum and milk of their mothers aiming to estimate the level of IGF-I in breast milk of diabetic mothers and serum of their newborn babies and assess the correlation between milk and serum IGF-I and the neonatal anthropometric parameters of infant of diabetic mothers.
The current study was carried out on 45 full term neonates and their mothers selected from Minia University pediatric Hospital in outpatient neonatal clinic in the period from May 2012 to December 2012.
The study group included 30 diabetic mothers and their infants aging 5-10 days , male to female ratio 8:7 , with mean weight 3.7± 0.5 (kg) and mean gestational age 38.1±1.1 (weeks),100% of them delivered by CS.
The second group included 15non diabetic mothers and their healthy full term newborns with matched age served as a control group with a mean weight of 3.1 ± 0.3(kg) and mean gestational age of 38.7 ±1.3 (weeks).
All the newborns were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical evaluation through clinical examination of the newborn including wt, NPI and length and detailed anthropometric assessment as HC, SSFT and TSFT. Laboratory investigations including estimation of IGF-I levels in neonatal serum and milk of their mothers were also assessed using ELISA.