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Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent lower genital tract infection in women of reproductive age throughout the world (Schwebke, 2009). It affects millions of women annually (Wang, 2000) and increases the risk for acquisition of other sexually tranmitted infections (STIs) as reported by Allsworth and Peipert, (2011), including infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Herpes Simplex virus (HSV-1 and 2), Trichomonas vaginalis, and increases the risk of HIV acquisition and Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID) as reported by Cherpes et al., (2008). BV has been shown to increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis (Aruna, and Jyoti, 2007), post-caesarean endometritis, postabortion pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and cervicitis (Ugwumadu, 2002). There is a causal relationship between BV and endometrial bacterial colonization, Plasma-cell endometritis, Postpartum fever, Post-hysterectomy vaginal cuff cellulitis and Postabortal infection (Greene et al., 2000). Some studies have found that the presence of G. vaginalis on the cervix, as detected on Papanicolaou smear, is associated with high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (Cartwright et al., 2012). |