الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of the work This work aims to review the literature regarding cardiovascular emergencies in rheumatic diseases, their incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors, prognosis& management Abstract Rheumatological diseases can sometimes present as emergencies. These can occur due to the disease process or may be iatrogenic. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease requiring intensive care unit admission, followed by SLE and SSc. Cardiovascular (CV) events are responsible for a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality in patients with Rheumatic Diseases. In addition to traditional risk factors (age, gender, smoking, blood pressure, LDL and HDL levels), inflammation &immunological process caused by some autoimmune states have been recognized as an independent risk factor for CV events. Pericarditis is the most studied cardiovascular manifestation of SLE. Tamponade may arise as a complication of lupus pericarditis early or late in disease, in the presence or absence of other clinical features indicating active lupus. Vascular disorders also included in RD in the form of thromboembolism and aortitis. Takayasu arteritis is the most common cause of aortitis although it is also associated with several other rheumatologic diseases such as ,SLE , RA, and Behçet’s disease.While the increased incidence of venous thrombotic events (VTEs) has been demonstratedin patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and Behçet’s disease.