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Abstract Most Recent researches of Land Vehicular navigation systems focus on using Global Positioning System (GPS) integrated with Inertial Navigation System (INS), which depends on a large size tools and of high cost. Recently, traditional (INS) instruments have been modified and developed by a new technology known as Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS). This research aims to create an alternative independent navigation system of low-cost and locally available components to give a suitable precision for navigational works. This system consists of (rotary shaft encoders) as sensors, for measuring distances and directions, instead of the accelerometers and gyroscopes used in the INS. Rotary shaft encoder is one of a dead reckoning (DR) tools, it is used for determining the position of vehicle, since the position depends on three known parameters ( known past position, direction and distance) . The shaft encoder is attached with the movement center’s of the vehicle ” steering for directions and wheel for distance ”, where they translate any motion made by the vehicle into electric pulses, which in turn is converted to partial distances and directions through a simple computer program designed for this purpose by Labview software. In this thesis, a prototype navigation system is established. Several experiments had been made after calibrating sensors to get the most suitable accuracy of this prototype navigation system. The field experiments were divided into three stages of testing, first stage called ”preliminary ” was used the bike as a vehicle, -iiithe initial results showed a lot of errors which reduced and processed after that and retested again of path approximately 65 m length. The experiments in second stage were conducted at nearly horizontal plane areas at two closed loops, the first experiment was a loop of about 200 m length and the second had an approximately 800 m loop length. The closing errors of the two loops were about 1:80. The third stage was using the electrical scooter as a vehicle to increase the stability of the system and the field experiments were divided into two parts, first one was straight line path with 4 km , the average closing error was about 1/100. The second part length approximately and the other curved path was of length 2.5km, and final results showed that the closing error was about to 1/85 almost. Therefore, the final results of this research showed that (a simple –dead reckoning system can be used in navigation purposes without using the dependent systems as GPS and also away of using INS because of its high cost and difficult governmental regulations. |