الفهرس 
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Abstract
A nanofluid is a suspension of ultrafine particles with extremely high
thermal conductivity in a conventional base fluid which has the
potential increases the heat transfer characteristics of the original
fluid, also defined as a colloidal suspension of particles in a base
fluid, where the particles have a characteristic length of less than 100
nm. Investigation were conducted to determine the qualification of
nano fluids for flow forced convection heat transfer Recently, newly
developed material nanometer-sized particles have been utilized in
suspension in conventional heat transfer fluids
The present thesis is concerned with forced convection heat transfer
in flow with nanofluid. The Investigation were conducted in four
different models of tubes with L/D=10,20,30, 40 with constant heat
flux with varying from 200 w/m2 to 1000 w/m2 and with different
nano fluid concentration from 1% to 6% using blood as non-
Newtonian fluid and gold as nano particles at range of Reynolds
number from 4000 to 15000. The results showed that the heat transfer
coefficient enhanced with increasing the nanoparticle concentration
and Reynolds number. In addition, heat transfer coefficient and Nu
number of non-Newtonian nanofluid increased when concentration of
gold-blood solution increased. Also Convective heat transfer
coefficient and Nusselt number of nanofluid are remarkably higher
than those of the base fluid. These enhancements of nanofluid are
directly proportional to the particle concentration and Reynolds
number. By applying the simulation results, an equation for Nu
number as a function of Reynolds number, diameter, heat flux and
nanoparticles concentration was correlated. The correlation had good
agreement with the simulation data.