الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anophthalmia is generally an acquired condition; true congenital anophthalmia is very rare, that the average ophthalmologist may never see.
Anophthalmic socket can strike at any time during a person’s life due to a number of reasons e.g. inoperable intraocular malignancy, when there is a substantial risk of sympathetic ophthalmitis, endophthalmitis with failed treatment, and for a blind painful eye.
Techniques employed for removal of an eye could be evisceration or enucleation.
Following enucleation or evisceration surgery, the anatomy and physiology of the orbit are changed. These changes affect not only the cosmetic appearance of the anophthalmic patient, but also the function of the socket and the prosthesis.
A wide variety of complications of the anophthalmic socket develop in patients after enucleation, including enophthalmos, superior sulcus deformities, eyelid malpositions, implant migration and extrusion, poor prosthetic motility, and socket contraction. Changes in the orbital blood flow and metabolic activity of the socket tissues, atrophy of the orbital fat occurring after enucleation and mechanical and structural changes that cause alterations in spatial relationships between the tissue compartments have been suggested as three theoretical mechanisms that result in the development of these clinical conditions.
The present study was conducted to determine the clinical and bacteriological status of the anophthalmic socket in the outpatient clinic of ophthalmology at Alexandria university hospital from January 2014 to March 2014.
The study included 25 cases of acquired anophthalmia following enucleation or evisceration for following reasons: post traumatic, post inflammatory, post operative, post enucleation for primary intraocular malignancies not amenable to alternative modes of therapy, post enucleation or evisceration for blind, painful, with or without disfigured or deformed eyes. Cases of congenital anophthalmia were excluded from our study.
All 25 cases showed varying degrees of socket base configuration , as it gives an idea about the operative data and present complications. The ideal socket base is the one with central bulge and intact fornices which represented in 17 patients (68%). 24 % of sockets base were flat that is going with the non implanted surgeries. The irregular base (8%) translates mostly the presence of fibrous tissue proliferation.
Enophthalmos was the most common anophthalmic deformities had been detected in 11 patients of the studied group, while lid anomalies detected in 9 patients.
Many patients with an ocular prosthesis complain of irritation or a chronic discharge. Twelve patients in our study had these symptoms.
The most frequently detected bacterial species have been coagulase negative staphylococci in giving bacterial growth. Pseudomonas aeroginosa was the most common gram negative bacterial growth.