الفهرس 
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Abstract
COPD is a pulmonary disease characterized by airflow limitation that
is not fully reversible, it is usually progressive and associated with an
abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or
gases. The disease is usually related to smoking, air pollution, industrial
exposure to fumes and noxious gases, respiratory infections and genetic
factors.
Tobacco smoking is today by far the most popular form of smoking
and is practiced by over one billion people in the majority of all human
societies.
Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein, also known as bone
sialoprotein I (BSP-1), early T-lymphocyte activation (ETA-1), secreted
phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). The prefix of the word ”osteo” indicates that
the protein is expressed in bone, although it is also expressed in other
tissues. The suffix ”-pontin” is derived from ”pons,” the Latin word for
bridge, and signifies osteopontin’s role as a linking protein.
It has a biological function in biomineralization, bone remodeling,
immune function, cancers, allergy and in inflammatory diseases.
The present study included thirty eight male COPD subjects:
• Nineteen of them were smokers.
• The other nineteen were ex-smokers.
• And ten healthy subjects as a control group.
Patients in this study were admitted at the chest department at Shebin
El-Kom chest hospital.
Summary
93
All subjects underwent the following:
1. Medical history taking.
2. Physical examination.
3. Routine laboratory investigations.
4. Plain chest radiography.
5. Pulmonary function tests including reversibility tests to
bronchodilators.
6. Measurement of serum osteopontin levels using an ELISA
assay.
The results of this work showed that among the thirty eight COPD
patients nineteen were smokers and the others were ex-smokers. There
was no significant difference between both groups and between each of
them and the controls as regards age. There was also no significant
difference between both groups as regards GOLD stage.
As regards serum osteopontin level, there was a significant difference
between group (1) and group (2). There was also a significant difference
between group (1) and the control group (3). However, there was a non
significant difference between group (2) and group (3) regarding their
serum osteopontin level.
There was a significant difference in mean serum osteopontin level
between patients of group (1) regarding their pack year index of smoking.
While in patients of group (2) there was no significant difference in mean
serum osteopontin level between them regarding their pack year index of
smoking.
Summary
94
This work showed that there was no significant difference between
moderate and severe COPD patients as regards serum osteopontin level
whether in group (1) or in group (2).
Regarding duration of cessation in group (2) there was no significant
difference in mean serum osteopontin level.
The results of the present study showed that there were elevated
levels of serum osteopontin levels in smoker COPD subjects when
compared to ex-smoker subjects. The cessation of smoking helped to
reduce the elevated levels of serum osteopontin in patients with COPD.