الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Slipping and falling are common phenomena in both workplaces and our daily activities. The risks associated with slipping and falling are related to the materials of footwear/floor, contamination condition and geometric design of the sole. In the present work, the main objective is to study the safety shoes behavior on workplace and tried to prevent or decrease the slipping or falling which cause harmful for labors, that by increasing coefficient of friction. The test specimens of safety shoes and floor are used in worksite. Four kinds of shoes with deferent sole geometry, also four floors with deferent materials (grating, checkered, rubber and ceramic) and these materials in workplace are tested in work condition. A test rig was designed and manufactured to perform friction measurements under different applied load. These measurements were carried out under dry, sand, water/detergent, wetted (water and 5% Vol.oil) and oily surfaces.
Based on the experimental results, the dry sliding of test specimens displayed the highest value of friction coefficient. It was observed that, sometimes friction coefficient increased until reach to value of normal force then decreased by increasing normal force and this value depended on the specimen and the condition of test. In most experimental test, the grating achieved and displayed the highest value of friction coefficient but ceramic displayed the lowest value of friction coefficient. In presence of liquid contamination on the floors the decrease in coefficient of friction compared to dry test was achieved, but when surfaces covered by sand, the coefficient of friction may decreased or increased depended on factors such tread designed and hardness of the footwear, hardness and roughness of the floor. The scratching on soles displayed improvement in fiction coefficient and this appeared clear on experimental results of dry condition.