الفهرس 
Surgical anatomy of the kidneyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Considerable debate exists as to what constitutes the optimal therapeutic approach for large renal stones. Though. PC~ L is the
preferable treatment modality for the treatment of large renal pelvic
stones. successful laparoscopic management of renal stones have
been described. These make our concern to be raised regarding which
is more effective and safer in the management of large renal pelvic
stones. Therefore. we aimed in the current study to comprehensively
evaluate and to compare the outcome of percutaneous
nephrolithotomy (PC’-JL) and laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (LP) in
the management of large renal pelvic stones with regards to:
operati ve time. stone free rate. success rate. hospital stay and convalescence. complications and safety of both approaches.To achieve this purpose a t01::11of 60 patients were included in
this study between February 2011 and September 2013. All patients
with single renal pelvis stones with diameter > 2cm and no
contraindicarions to perform the operation in the prone position for
PC Land laparoscopy were included in this study. While patients
with Stag-horn stones. multiple renal stones. elevated serum
creatinine. recurrent renal stones after open surgery or PCNL
patients with past history of open abdominal surgery. patients with
uncorrectable coagulopathy. and those with congenital anomalies in
the kidney such as horse-shoe kidney and ectopic pelvic kidney. were
excluded.