الفهرس | يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام |
المستخلص Aging is an inevitable stage for everyone who is destined to live long. It is one of the essential human growth stages, accompanied by a number of physiological, psychological, emotional and social changes; the person grows old and becomes in need of other people’s help and care. Regarding that, God Almighty said, ”And some of you will be returned to the vilest age, so that he may not know, after having known”(Al-Hajj: ٥). Problem of the study : ١-Do the quality and aspects of life differ in proportion to the differing variables of sex (male/female), place of residence (rural/urban), education level (high/ intermediate/ low), type of residence (nursing home/ with family/ alone) among the sample of elderly under study? ٢-Is there a positive correlational relationship between the quality of life with its subcategories on one hand, and optimism, social support, mental toughness, emotional intelligence and religious awareness on the other hand? (Each section of the sample – those who live with family, alone or at a nursing home – will be considered separately). ٣-Is it possible to predict the quality of life in the sample of elderly (with family/ alone/ at a nursing home) through a number of psychological variables such as optimism, mental toughness, emotional intelligence, social support and religious awareness? ٤- Is it possible to predict the quality of life in the sample of elderly (with family/ alone/ at a nursing home) through a number of demographic variables such as sex (male/female), place of residence (rural/urban) and education level (high/ intermediate/ low)? Sample of the study: The sample of the study contains three groups: the first group contains ٩٠ people of those elderly who live with family; the second consists of ٧٤ people of those elderly who live by their own at home; and the third contains ٦٦ people of those elderly who live at a nursing home. The first and second groups were taken from the city of Asyut, while the third was taken from the social nursing home for men at Fatah in Asyut (n=١٢), the nursing home at the Islamic Cultural Center in Asyut (n=٤), Synod Hospitality House in Asyut (n=١٣), a nursing home in Cairo (n=٨), Dar Al-Hedaya at Elras Elsodaa (n=١٤), and the social nursing home for men in Alexandria (n=١٥). All of the three groups (Total=٢٣٠) were similar in all the variables except for ’the type of residence’ variable. Tools of the study: ١-The measure of the quality of life for elderly people (prepared by the researcher) ٢-The social support measure (prepared by the researcher) ٣-The emotional intelligence measure (prepared by Faten Farouk Abdul- Fatah Mousa) ٤-The mental toughness measure (prepared by Emad Mukheimar) ٥-The optimism measure (prepared by Ahmed Mohammed Abdul- Khaliq) ٦-The religious awareness measure (prepared by Abdul-Raqeeb Al- Behairi and Adel Demerdash) Statistical Methods: Multiple Analysis of Variance ANOVA, statistical significance of the differences between means using the value of ’t’ (t. test), LSD Test,Pearson Product Moment Correlation, Factor Analysis, Alfa Coefficient, and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results of the study: The first hypothesis results: The quality and aspects of life (as a dependent variable) are affected by the following demographic variables: place of residence (rural/urban), education level (pre-intermediate/intermediate/high), and type of residence (with family/ alone/ at a nursing home). They are, moreover, affected by the interaction between the following pairs of variables (using the quality of life measure): sex and education level; sex and type of residence; place of residence and education level; place of residence and type of residence; education level and type of residence; and sex, place of residence and type of residence. However, the quality and aspects of life (as a dependent variable) are not affected by the sex variable (male/female). They are also not affected by the interaction between the following sets of variables (using the quality of life measure): sex and place of residence; sex, place of residence and education level; sex, education level and type of residence; place of residence, education level and type of residence; and sex, place of residence, education level and type of residence. The second hypothesis results: There is a direct correlational relationship between the quality of life on one hand and optimism and social support on the other. There is, however, an inverse correlational relationship between the quality of life and both mental toughness and emotional intelligence in the sample of elderly people under study (with family/ alone/ at a nursing home). The correlation matrix showed a direct relationship between the quality of lifereligious awareness in the sample of elderly people who live alone or at a nursing home. Such a relationship is not existent in the sample of elderly who live with family. The third and the fourth hypothesis results: The quality of life for elderly people (who live with family, alone or at a nursing home) can be predicted through a number of psychological variables such as optimism, mental toughness, emotional intelligence, social support and religious awareness, as well as through a number of demographic variables such as sex, place of residence and education level. |