الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging has
emerged as a useful tool in different clinical scenarios.
Structural and functional anatomy of breast parenchyma and
any focal breast findings can be assessed using breast MR
imaging, which also has the benefit of being a multiplanar
study. It is important to integrate structural anatomy with
functional anatomy in the interpretation of breast MR imaging
and to interpret breast MR imaging in the clinical context of the
patient, as well as in conjunction with other breast imaging
modalities such as mammography and ultrasonography.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging is a powerful
tool in assessing the breast, and a firm understanding of the
normal anatomy of the breast provides a foundation on which to
detect pathology. The “normal anatomy of the breast” actually
encompasses a wide range of normal, both within large patient
populations and for an individual patient whose “normal breast
anatomy” may vary monthly and across her lifetime. Looking
forward, the information breast MR imaging provides about this
Summary
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“normal” anatomy may also be useful in risk assessment and in
obtaining imaging biomarkers of functional breast physiology.
A wide variety of disease entities may affect the skin and
superficial tissues of the breast. At breast MR imaging, these
lesions are often encountered incidentally or in association with
other breast disease. Although in many cases these lesions may
be overlooked or ignored, radiologists may be the first to raise
suspicion for more worrisome skin disease on the basis of MR
imaging findings.
We suggest a careful approach to the assessment of the
skin and superficial breast tissue at MR imaging and propose an
algorithm for image interpretation that applies to both benign
and malignant diseases. Careful analysis of dynamic
gadolinium-enhanced images may supplement information
obtained with mammography and US, and can assist
radiologists in diagnosing these lesions. In many cases,
however, further investigation with clinical and pathologic
correlation is necessary for lesion evaluation.