الفهرس 
Introduction and RationalOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary Cataract is a significant ophthalmic problem and cataract surgery has a great concern for all ophthalmic surgeons to be performed under standardized practice patterns and guidelines.
In the evolution of cataract surgery, manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) was a later addition much after phacoemulsification became a popular technique. It is neither a hi-tech procedure, nor is it practiced in Western countries. For that matter, MSICS remains a foreign technique to a large section of the ophthalmic fraternity in the modern world. MSCIS was developed mainly as a cost-effective alternative to phacoemulsification cataract surgery. The Western world converted from extra capsular cataract extraction (ECCE) to phacoemulsification. In the developing countries where cost is a major issue, MSICS was developed after the advent of phacoemulsification, and hence it is a relatively younger technique than the latter. It is a safe, simple, consistent, stable, and cost-effective way of cataract removal.
This study was performed to assess surgical astigmatism post manual small incision cataract surgery through superior scleral tunnel approach , it was performed on 20 eyes, astigmatism was assessed by corneal topography one day before , one month , three months post operative.
This study was done in the Suez Canal University Hospitals after approval of Departmental Research Committee and Research Ethics Committee.
After an informed consent, patients with significant visually impairing cataract were enrolled in the present study. Patients with associated uveitis, glaucoma, previous surgery in the same eye, corneal conditions affecting corneal topography (e.g. opacities, dystrophy) and intraoperative complication were excluded from the study.
The study was done for 15 months and involved 20 patients came to Suez Canal University Hospitals for cataract extraction surgery. The patients were operated with superior scleral tunnel cataract surgery.
All patients involved in the study were suitable for this surgical technique.
Full history and examination, investigations and preoperative corneal topography (baseline topography) was done one day before surgery, one month and three months post operative.
Variables recorded were visual acuity, postoperative astigmatism using corneal topography, and corneal pachymetry one and three months after surgery and the incision size.
The results revealed that there was minimal surgical induced astigmatism in 60% of cases.
There was no significance difference between pre operative and post operative astigmatism in scleral tunnel approach in cataract surgery.