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Abstract Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite the major advance in neonatal intensive care and antibiotics. Sepsis is characterized by alterations in body temperature, hypotension, hypoperfusion with cellular damage which culminates in multiple organ failure. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is the major hormone secreted by the pineal gland. There is documented that there IS mcrease in the production of ROS in septic neonates, Melatonin, as a free radical scavenger, is believed to work via electron donation to directly detoxify ROS such as the highly toxic hydroxyl radical as well as its precurso hydrogen peroxide. Melatonin also detoxifies a number of other oxidizing agents (Rcl\JS)including the peroxynitrite anion, singlet oxygen, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrous acid. Besides these scavengmg actions, melatonin also stimulates several antioxidative enzyme~ including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. |